Articles

Efficacy and safety of fremanezumab in patients with migraine and inadequate response to prior preventive treatment: subgroup analyses by country of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

The FOCUS study evaluated the efficacy of migraine preventive medications across different countries within the same patient population, particularly for patients with difficult-to-treat migraine. These prespe...

Authors: Egilius L. H. Spierings, Mikko Kärppä, Xiaoping Ning, Joshua M. Cohen, Verena Ramirez Campos, Ronghua Yang and Uwe Reuter

Altered amygdala effective connectivity in migraine without aura: evidence from resting‐state fMRI with Granger causality analysis

Granger causality analysis (GCA) has been used to investigate the pathophysiology of migraine. Amygdala plays a key role in pain modulation of migraine attack. However, the detailed neuromechanism remained to ...

Authors: Xiaobin Huang, Di Zhang, Peng Wang, Cunnan Mao, Zhengfei Miao, Chunmei Liu, Chenjie Xu, Xindao Yin and Xinying Wu

The burden attributable to headache disorders in children and adolescents in Lithuania: estimates from a national schools-based study

We recently showed headache to be common in children (aged 7–11 years) and adolescents (aged 12–17) in Lithuania. Here we provide evidence from the same study of the headache-attributable burden.

Authors: Diana Genc, Nerija Vaičienė-Magistris, Apolinaras Zaborskis, Tayyar Şaşmaz, Aylin Yeniocak Tunç, Derya Uluduz, Christian Wöber, Çiçek Wöber-Bingöl and Timothy J. Steiner

Petasin and isopetasin reduce CGRP release from trigeminal afferents indicating an inhibitory effect on TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor channels

Butterbur root extract with its active ingredients petasin and isopetasin has been used in the prophylactic treatment of migraine for years, while its sites of action are not completely clear. Calcitonin gene-...

Authors: Johanna Kleeberg-Hartmann, Birgit Vogler and Karl Messlinger

Reference programme: diagnosis and treatment of headache disorders and facial pain. Danish Headache Society, 3rd edition, 2020

Headache and facial pain are among the most common, disabling and costly diseases in Europe, which demands for high quality health care on all levels within the health system. The role of the Danish Headache S...

Authors: Henrik W. Schytz, Faisal M. Amin, Rigmor H. Jensen, Louise Carlsen, Stine Maarbjerg, Nunu Lund, Karen Aegidius, Lise L. Thomsen, Flemming W. Bach, Dagmar Beier, Hanne Johansen, Jakob M. Hansen, Helge Kasch, Signe B. Munksgaard, Lars Poulsen, Per Schmidt Sørensen…

Comparative study of magnesium, sodium valproate, and concurrent magnesium-sodium valproate therapy in the prevention of migraine headaches: a randomized controlled double-blind trial

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of concurrent magnesium-sodium valproate therapy and compare it with either magnesium or sodium valproate alone in migraine prophylaxis.

Authors: Samira Khani, Seyed Amir Hejazi, Mehdi Yaghoubi and Ehsan Sharifipour

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS): an interesting case report

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome is a condition of transient cerebral vascular spasms, which usually presents with recurrent thunderclap headaches and recovers within 3 months. Several probable tr...

Authors: Mansoureh Togha, Mahsa Babaei and Parvin Ganji Ghelichi

21st century headache: mapping new territory

With headache experienced by up to 75% of adults worldwide in the last year, primary headache disorders constitute a major public health problem, yet they remain under-diagnosed and under-treated.

Authors: Peter J. Goadsby, Michel Lantéri-Minet, Martin C. Michel, Mario Peres, Mamoru Shibata, Andreas Straube, Tissa Wijeratne, Caty Ebel-Bitoun, Luminita Constantin and Simon Hitier

Advantages of imaging photoplethysmography for migraine modeling: new optical markers of trigemino‐vascular activation in rats

Existent animal models of migraine are not without drawbacks and limitations. The aim of our study was to evaluate imaging photoplethysmography (PPG) as a method of assessing intracranial blood flow in rats an...

Authors: Alexey Y. Sokolov, Maxim A. Volynsky, Valery V. Zaytsev, Anastasiia V. Osipchuk and Alexei A. Kamshilin

Effect of dural inflammatory soup application on activation and sensitization markers in the caudal trigeminal nucleus of the rat and the modulatory effects of sumatriptan and kynurenic acid

The topical inflammatory soup can model the inflammation of the dura mater causing hypersensitivity and activation of the trigeminal system, a phenomenon present in migraineurs. Calcitonin gene-related peptide...

Authors: Eleonóra Spekker, Klaudia Flóra Laborc, Zsuzsanna Bohár, Gábor Nagy-Grócz, Annamária Fejes-Szabó, Mónika Szűcs, László Vécsei and Árpád Párdutz

Safety and tolerability of eptinezumab in patients with migraine: a pooled analysis of 5 clinical trials

The humanized anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody eptinezumab has been evaluated in five large-scale clinical trials conducted in patients with migraine. This integrated analysis was conducted to evaluate the compre...

Authors: Timothy R. Smith, Egilius L. H. Spierings, Roger Cady, Joe Hirman, Barbara Schaeffler, Vivienne Shen, Bjørn Sperling, Thomas Brevig, Mette Krog Josiassen, Elizabeth Brunner, Loan Honeywell and Lahar Mehta

Early onset of effect following galcanezumab treatment in patients with previous preventive medication failures

Galcanezumab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and is indicated for the preventive treatment of migraine. Galcanezumab demonstrated early onset of effect in patie...

Authors: Todd J. Schwedt, Dulanji K. Kuruppu, Yan Dong, Katherine Standley, Laura Yunes-Medina and Eric Pearlman

Post-reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome headache

Chronic headache may persist after the remission of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) in some patients. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, risk factors, and the impact ...

Authors: Yu-Hsiang Ling, Yen-Feng Wang, Jiing-Feng Lirng, Jong-Ling Fuh, Shuu-Jiun Wang and Shih-Pin Chen

Comparison of pregnenolone sulfate, pregnanolone and estradiol levels between patients with menstrually-related migraine and controls: an exploratory study

Neurosteroids affect the balance between neuroexcitation and neuroinhibition but have been little studied in migraine. We compared the serum levels of pregnenolone sulfate, pregnanolone and estradiol in women ...

Authors: Cecilia Rustichelli, Elisa Bellei, Stefania Bergamini, Emanuela Monari, Flavia Lo Castro, Carlo Baraldi, Aldo Tomasi and Anna Ferrari

Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 due to a novel missense mutation in ATP1A2

The mechanisms of genotype-phenotype interaction in Familiar Hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) are still far from clear. Different ATP1A2 mutations have been described, with a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from ...

Authors: Fabio Antonaci, Sabrina Ravaglia, Gaetano S. Grieco, Stella Gagliardi, Cristina Cereda and Alfredo Costa

Hemicrania continua associated with an unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm: first case report

Authors: Ibrahim Imam

Different dosage regimens of Eptinezumab for the treatment of migraine: a meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials

Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases around the world and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays an important role in its pathophysiology. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluate...

Authors: Zeya Yan, Tao Xue, Shujun Chen, Xin Wu, Xingyu Yang, Guangjie Liu, Shan Gao, Zhouqing Chen and Zhong Wang

Selective denervation of the corrugator supercilii muscle for the treatment of idiopatic trigeminal neuralgia purely paroxysmal distributed in the supraorbital and suprathrochlear dermatomes

Idiopatic trigeminal neuralgia purely paroxysmal (ITNp) distributed in the supraorbital and suprathrochlear dermatomes (SSd), refractory to conventional treatments have been linked to the hyperactivity of the ...

Authors: Alessandro Gualdi, Janos Cambiaso-Daniel, Jonatann Gatti, Ziv M. Peled, Robert Hagan, Dario Bertossi, Paul Wurzer, Lars-Peter Kamolz, Saja Scherer and Giorgio Pietramaggiori

Structural brain network characteristics in patients with episodic and chronic migraine

Migraine is a primary headache disorder that can be classified into an episodic (EM) and a chronic form (CM). Network analysis within the graph-theoretical framework based on connectivity patterns provides an ...

Authors: Lars Michels, Nabin Koirala, Sergiu Groppa, Roger Luechinger, Andreas R. Gantenbein, Peter S. Sandor, Spyros Kollias, Franz Riederer and Muthuraman Muthuraman

Correction to: Impact of primary headache disorder on quality of life among school students in Kuwait

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Jasem Y. Al-Hashel, R. Alroughani, S. Shuaibi, A. AlAshqar, F. AlHamdan, H. AlThufairi, S. Owayed and Samar F. Ahmed

Effect of galcanezumab on severity and symptoms of migraine in phase 3 trials in patients with episodic or chronic migraine

Galcanezumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds calcitonin gene-related peptide, has demonstrated a significant reduction in monthly migraine headache days compared with placebo. Here, we analyze data...

Authors: Michael Ament, Kathleen Day, Virginia L Stauffer, Vladimir Skljarevski, Mallikarjuna Rettiganti, Eric Pearlman and Sheena K. Aurora

Improvements in pain, medication use and quality of life in onabotulinumtoxinA-resistant chronic migraine patients following erenumab treatment – real world outcomes

The CGRP antagonists offer a novel therapeutic approach in migraine. Their utility in patients with severe forms of chronic migraine is a subject of particular interest. We present outcomes of 9 months of eren...

Authors: J. Talbot, R. Stuckey, L. Crawford, S. Weatherby and S. Mullin

Differential alteration of fMRI signal variability in the ascending trigeminal somatosensory and pain modulatory pathways in migraine

The moment-to-moment variability of resting-state brain activity has been suggested to play an active role in chronic pain. Here, we investigated the regional blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal variability (BOLD

Authors: Manyoel Lim, Hassan Jassar, Dajung J. Kim, Thiago D. Nascimento and Alexandre F. DaSilva

Immunogenicity of biologic therapies for migraine: a review of current evidence

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway have been shown to be effective in migraine prevention. Eptinezumab, erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumb have shown...

Authors: Joshua M. Cohen, Xiaoping Ning, Yoel Kessler, Michele Rasamoelisolo, Verena Ramirez Campos, Michael J. Seminerio, Lynda J. Krasenbaum, Honglue Shen and Jennifer Stratton

Treatment benefit among migraine patients taking fremanezumab: results from a post hoc responder analysis of two placebo-controlled trials

Monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway, including the fully humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG2Δa) fremanezumab, have demonstrated safety and efficacy for migraine p...

Authors: Stephen D. Silberstein, Joshua M. Cohen, Ronghua Yang, Sanjay K. Gandhi, Evelyn Du, Adelene E. Jann and Michael J. Marmura

Association between response to triptans and response to erenumab: real-life data

Triptans and erenumab are both migraine-specific agents acting on the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway. Therefore, response to triptans might be associated with response to erenumab.

Authors: Ilaria Frattale, Valeria Caponnetto, Alfonsina Casalena, Maurizio Assetta, Maurizio Maddestra, Fabio Marzoli, Giannapia Affaitati, Maria Adele Giamberardino, Stefano Viola, Amleto Gabriele, Francesca Pistoia, Davide Cerone, Carmine Marini, Simona Sacco and Raffaele Ornello

Neuromodulation techniques for acute and preventive migraine treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Several neuromodulation methods exists for migraine treatment. The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on migraine trea...

Authors: Xavier Moisset, Bruno Pereira, Daniel Ciampi de Andrade, Denys Fontaine, Michel Lantéri-Minet and Jérôme Mawet

Concurrent brain structural and functional alterations in patients with migraine without aura: an fMRI study

To explore the possible concurrent brain functional and structural alterations in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) patients compared to healthy subjects (HS).

Authors: Zhengjie Li, Jun Zhou, Lei Lan, Shirui Cheng, Ruirui Sun, Qiyong Gong, Max Wintermark, Fang Zeng and Fanrong Liang

Correction to: The knockdown of Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 inhibits capsaicin-induced CGRP Upregulation in mouse trigeminal ganglion

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Ya-Tin Lin, Zachary Yu, Sze-Chi Tsai, Po-Hung Hsu and Jin-Chung Chen

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 regulates synaptic plasticity in a chronic migraine rat model through the PKC/NR2B signal

The mechanism of chronic migraine (CM) is complex, central sensitization is considered as one of the pathological mechanism. Synaptic plasticity is the basis of central sensitization. Metabotropic glutamate re...

Authors: Yingying Niu, Xiaoxu Zeng, Lilin Zhao, Yang Zhou, Guangcheng Qin, Dunke Zhang, Qingqing Fu, Jiying Zhou and Lixue Chen

The role of deficient pain modulatory systems in the development of persistent post-traumatic headaches following mild traumatic brain injury: an exploratory longitudinal study

Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most common and long-lasting symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the pathological mechanisms underlying the development of persistent PTH ...

Authors: Kelly M. Naugle, Christopher Carey, Eric Evans, Jonathan Saxe, Ryan Overman and Fletcher A. White

Migraine remains second among the world’s causes of disability, and first among young women: findings from GBD2019

Authors: T. J. Steiner, L. J. Stovner, R. Jensen, D. Uluduz and Z. Katsarava

Gray and white matter abnormalities in primary trigeminal neuralgia with and without neurovascular compression

Previous researches have reported gray and white matter microalterations in primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with neurovascular compression (NVC). The central mechanism underlying TN without NVC are unknown b...

Authors: Min Wu, Xiaofeng Jiang, Jun Qiu, Xianming Fu and Chaoshi Niu

Mild traumatic brain injury is associated with effect of inflammation on structural changes of default mode network in those developing chronic pain

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has a higher prevalence (more than 50%) of developing chronic posttraumatic headache (CPTH) compared with moderate or severe TBI. However, the underlying neural mechanism for...

Authors: Xuan Niu, Lijun Bai, Yingxiang Sun, Yuan Wang, Guanghui Bai, Bo Yin, Shan Wang, Shuoqiu Gan, Xiaoyan Jia and Hongjuan Liu

Interrelations between migraine-like headache and persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury: a prospective diary study

Persistent post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common sequela of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and retrospective assessments have found a migraine-like phenotype to be very frequent. This has raised a discu...

Authors: Håkan Ashina, Afrim Iljazi, Faisal M. Amin, Messoud Ashina, Richard B. Lipton and Henrik W. Schytz

Individual pain sensitivity is associated with resting-state cortical activities in healthy individuals but not in patients with migraine: a magnetoencephalography study

Pain sensitivity may determine the risk, severity, prognosis, and efficacy of treatment of clinical pain. Magnetic resonance imaging studies have linked thermal pain sensitivity to changes in brain structure. ...

Authors: Fu-Jung Hsiao, Wei-Ta Chen, Hung-Yu Liu, Yen-Feng Wang, Shih-Pin Chen, Kuan-Lin Lai, Li-Ling Hope Pan and Shuu-Jiun Wang

Correction to: Hospital-based headache care during the Covid-19 pandemic in Denmark and Norway

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen, Kashif Waqar Faiz, Else Charlotte Sandset, Anette Margrethe Storstein, Simon Stefansen, Bendik Slagsvold Winsvold and Jakob Møller Hansen

Estrogen receptors α, β and GPER in the CNS and trigeminal system - molecular and functional aspects

Migraine occurs 2–3 times more often in females than in males and is in many females associated with the onset of menstruation. The steroid hormone, 17β-estradiol (estrogen, E2), exerts its effects by binding ...

Authors: Karin Warfvinge, Diana N. Krause, Aida Maddahi, Jacob C. A. Edvinsson, Lars Edvinsson and Kristian A. Haanes

Burden of illness of trigeminal neuralgia among patients managed in a specialist center in England

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) causes severe episodic, unilateral facial pain and is initially treated with antiepileptic medications. For patients not responding or intolerant to medications, surgery is an option.

Authors: Lasair O’Callaghan, Lysbeth Floden, Lisa Vinikoor-Imler, Tara Symonds, Kathryn Giblin, Chris Hartford and Joanna M. Zakrzewska

OnabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine during pregnancy: a real world experience on 45 patients

To report the pregnancy outcomes on patients with chronic migraine exposed to onabotulinumtoxinA from Hull Headache Clinic.

Authors: Ho-Tin Wong, Modar Khalil and Fayyaz Ahmed

Hospital-based headache care during the Covid-19 pandemic in Denmark and Norway

The Covid-19 pandemic is causing changes in delivery of medical care worldwide. It is not known how the management of headache patients was affected by the lockdown during the pandemic. The aim of the present ...

Authors: Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen, Kashif Waqar Faiz, Else Charlotte Sandset, Anette Margrethe Storstein, Simon Stefansen, Bendik Slagsvold Winsvold and Jakob Møller Hansen

Intravascular Endothelin-1 does not trigger or increase susceptibility to Spreading Depolarizations

Spreading depolarizations (SD) likely manifest as aura in migraineurs. Triggers are unknown although vascular events have been implicated. Direct carotid puncture has been reported to trigger migraine with aur...

Authors: Kazutaka Sugimoto, Andreia Morais, Homa Sadeghian, Tao Qin, David Y. Chung, Messoud Ashina, Anders Hougaard and Cenk Ayata

Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review

Migraine and sleep disorders are common and often burdensome chronic conditions with a high prevalence in the general population, and with considerable socio-economic impact and costs.

Authors: Cindy Tiseo, Alessandro Vacca, Anton Felbush, Tamara Filimonova, Annalisa Gai, Tatyana Glazyrina, Irina Anna Hubalek, Yelena Marchenko, Lucas Hendrik Overeem, Serena Piroso, Alexander Tkachev, Paolo Martelletti and Simona Sacco

A cross-sectional study on the burden and impact of migraine on work productivity and quality of life in selected workplaces in the Philippines

Migraine imposes a substantial personal and economic burden to many working age individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the burden and impact of migraine on work productivity in selected workplaces in the Ph...

Authors: Nel Jason Haw, Ian Theodore Cabaluna, Germaine Erika Kaw, Joanna Feliz Cortez, Maria Pamela Chua and Kristel Guce

A proof-of-concept study on CGRP plasma levels of migraineurs during a 6-month treatment with ERENUMAB

The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) or CGRP receptors in the treatment of migraine raised concerns on the possible risks associated to the long-term ...

Authors: Giuseppe Tringali, Catello Vollono, Paolo Calabresi and Pierluigi Navarra

Impact of galcanezumab on total pain burden: findings from phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in patients with episodic or chronic migraine (EVOLVE-1, EVOLVE-2, and REGAIN trials)

Focus on the frequency of migraine pain may undervalue the total burden of migraine as pain duration and severity may present unique, additive burden. A composite measure of total pain burden (TPB; frequency, ...

Authors: Jessica Ailani, J. Scott Andrews, Mallikarjuna Rettiganti and Robert A. Nicholson

Plasma levels of CGRP and expression of specific microRNAs in blood cells of episodic and chronic migraine subjects: towards the identification of a panel of peripheral biomarkers of migraine?

Migraine can manifest with an episodic or a chronic pattern in a continuum of disease severity. Multiple factors are associated with the progression of the pattern from episodic to chronic. One of the most con...

Authors: Rosaria Greco, Roberto De Icco, Chiara Demartini, Anna Maria Zanaboni, Elena Tumelero, Grazia Sances, Marta Allena and Cristina Tassorelli

Headache characteristics in COVID-19 pandemic-a survey study

Headache is the most common COVID-19-related neurological symptom. We aimed to reveal diagnostic clues of headache for COVID-19 infection and to investigate the course of primary headaches during the pandemic.

Authors: Özge Uygun, Mustafa Ertaş, Esme Ekizoğlu, Hayrunnisa Bolay, Aynur Özge, Elif Kocasoy Orhan, Arif Atahan Çağatay and Betül Baykan

Eptinezumab for the prevention of chronic migraine: efficacy and safety through 24 weeks of treatment in the phase 3 PROMISE-2 (Prevention of migraine via intravenous ALD403 safety and efficacy–2) study

PROMISE-2 was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that evaluated the efficacy and safety of repeat intravenous (IV) doses of the calcitonin gene-related peptide–targeted monoclonal an...

Authors: Stephen Silberstein, Merle Diamond, Nada A. Hindiyeh, David M. Biondi, Roger Cady, Joe Hirman, Brent Allan, Susan Pederson, Barbara Schaeffler and Jeff Smith

Response inhibition alterations in migraine: evidence from event-related potentials and evoked oscillations

Migraine is characterized by a hypersensitivity to environmental stimulation which climaxes during headache attacks but persists during attack-free period. Despite ongoing debates about the nature of the mecha...

Authors: Guoliang Chen, Yansong Li, Zhao Dong, Rongfei Wang, Dengfa Zhao, Ignacio Obeso and Shengyuan Yu