Articles

Prevalence, burden, and clinical management of migraine in China, Japan, and South Korea: a comprehensive review of the literature

The objective of this review was to determine the unmet needs for migraine in East Asian adults and children.

Authors: Takao Takeshima, Qi Wan, Yanlei Zhang, Mika Komori, Serina Stretton, Narayan Rajan, Tamas Treuer and Kaname Ueda

Cortical GABA in migraine with aura -an ultrashort echo magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the cortical metabolite concentrations in patients suffering from migraine with aura (MWA). We hypothesized that occipital γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) le...

Authors: Tobias G. Stærmose, Marie K. Knudsen, Helge Kasch and Jakob U. Blicher

Functional connectivity studies in migraine: what have we learned?

Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) MRI has widely been used to understand migraine pathophysiology and to identify an imaging marker of the disorder. Here, we review what we have learned from FC studies.

Authors: Kirill Skorobogatykh, Willem Sebastiaan van Hoogstraten, Diana Degan, Anastasia Prischepa, Anastasya Savitskaya, Biondo Michela Ileen, Enrico Bentivegna, Iaroslav Skiba, Laura D’Acunto, Livia Ferri, Simona Sacco, Jakob Møller Hansen and Faisal Mohammad Amin

Late sodium current blocker GS967 inhibits persistent currents induced by familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 mutations of the SCN1A gene

Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a group of genetic migraine, associated with hemiparesis and aura. Three causative different genes have been identified, all of which are involved in membrane ion transpor...

Authors: R. Barbieri, S. Bertelli, M. Pusch and P. Gavazzo

Association of diet and headache

The global prevalence of migraine as a primary headache has been estimated as 14.4% in both sexes. Migraine headache has been ranked as the highest contributor to disability in under 50 years old population in...

Authors: Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Zeinab Ghorbani, Paolo Martelletti, Christian Lampl and Mansoureh Togha

C-fibers may modulate adjacent Aδ-fibers through axon-axon CGRP signaling at nodes of Ranvier in the trigeminal system

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) towards CGRP or the CGRP receptor show good prophylactic antimigraine efficacy. However, their site of action is still elusive. Due to lack of passage of mAbs across the blood-brai...

Authors: Jacob C. A. Edvinsson, Karin Warfvinge, Diana N. Krause, Frank W. Blixt, Majid Sheykhzade, Lars Edvinsson and Kristian A. Haanes

Altered functional connectivity of the red nucleus and substantia nigra in migraine without aura

Functional connectivity (FC) has been used to investigate the pathophysiology of migraine. Accumulating evidence is pointing toward malfunctioning of brainstem structures, i.e., the red nucleus (RN) and substa...

Authors: Xiaobin Huang, Di Zhang, Yuchen Chen, Peng Wang, Cunnan Mao, Zhengfei Miao, Chunmei Liu, Chenjie Xu, Xinying Wu and Xindao Yin

Reduced resting-state brain functional network connectivity and poor regional homogeneity in patients with CADASIL

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) manifests principally as a suite of cognitive impairments, particularly in the executive domain. Executive f...

Authors: Jingjing Su, Shiyu Ban, Mengxing Wang, Fengchun Hua, Liang Wang, Xin Cheng, Yuping Tang, Houguang Zhou, Yu Zhai, Xiaoxia Du and Jianren Liu

Burden of headache disorders in China, 1990–2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Headache has emerged as a global public health concern. However, little is known about the burden from headache disorders in China. The aim of this work was to quantify the spatial patterns and temporal trends...

Authors: Chengye Yao, Yu Wang, Lijun Wang, Yunning Liu, Jiangmei Liu, Jinlei Qi, Yun Lin, Peng Yin and Maigeng Zhou

Prevalence and burden of headache in children and adolescents in Austria – a nationwide study in a representative sample of pupils aged 10–18 years

Headache disorders are highly prevalent worldwide, but not so well investigated in children and adolescents as in adults: few studies have included representative nationwide samples. No data exist for Austria ...

Authors: Julia Philipp, Michael Zeiler, Christian Wöber, Gudrun Wagner, Andreas F. K. Karwautz, Timothy J. Steiner and Çiçek Wöber-Bingöl

Headaches in the emergency department –a survey of patients’ characteristics, facts and needs

Headache is very often the cause for seeking an emergency department (ED). However, less is known about the different diagnosis of headache disorders in the ED, their management and treatment. The aim of this ...

Authors: Alberto Doretti, Irina Shestaritc, Daniela Ungaro, John-Ih Lee, Loukas Lymperopoulos, Lili Kokoti, Martina Guglielmetti, Dimos Dimitrios Mitsikostas and Christian Lampl

The appropriate dosing of erenumab for migraine prevention after multiple preventive treatment failures: a critical appraisal

Erenumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, was approved for the prevention of episodic (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) at the monthly dose of 70 mg...

Authors: Raffaele Ornello, Cindy Tiseo, Ilaria Frattale, Giulia Perrotta, Carmine Marini, Francesca Pistoia and Simona Sacco

Acute and preventive pharmacological treatment of post-traumatic headache: a systematic review

Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is associated with considerable disability and reduced health-related quality of life. Despite the very high prevalence of PTH, there are no evidence-based guidelines for PTH trea...

Authors: Eigil Lindekilde Larsen, Håkan Ashina, Afrim Iljazi, Haidar Muhsen Al-Khazali, Kristoffer Seem, Messoud Ashina, Sait Ashina and Henrik Winther Schytz

New diagnostic criteria for headache attributed to transient ischemic attacks

The International Classification of Headache Disorders diagnostic criteria for Headache Attributed to Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) and many other secondary headaches are based primarily on the opinion of ex...

Authors: Elena R. Lebedeva, Natalia M. Gurary and Jes Olesen

Differences in treatment response between migraine with aura and migraine without aura: lessons from clinical practice and RCTs

Migraine is a major public health problem afflicting approximately 10% of the general population and is a leading cause of disability worldwide, yet our understanding of the basis mechanisms of migraine remain...

Authors: Jakob Møller Hansen and Andrew Charles

Identifying menstrual migraine– improving the diagnostic criteria using a statistical method

To develop a robust statistical tool for the diagnosis of menstrually related migraine.

Authors: Mathias Barra, Fredrik A. Dahl, E. Anne MacGregor and Kjersti Grøtta Vetvik

Aura and Head pain: relationship and gaps in the translational models

Migraine is a complex brain disorder and initiating events for acute attacks still remain unclear. It seems difficult to explain the development of migraine headache with one mechanism and/or a single anatomic...

Authors: Hayrunnisa Bolay, Doga Vuralli and Peter J. Goadsby

Structural changes of cerebellum and brainstem in migraine without aura

Increasing evidence has suggested that the cerebellum is associated with pain and migraine. In addition, the descending pain system of the brainstem is the major site of trigeminal pain processing and modulati...

Authors: Zhaoxia Qin, Xin-Wei He, Jilei Zhang, Shuai Xu, Ge-Fei Li, Jingjing Su, Yan-Hui Shi, Shiyu Ban, Yue Hu, Yi-Sheng Liu, Mei-Ting Zhuang, Rong Zhao, Xiao-Lei Shen, Jianqi Li, Jian-Ren Liu and Xiaoxia Du

Current and emerging evidence-based treatment options in chronic migraine: a narrative review

Chronic migraine is a disabling condition that is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated. In this narrative review, we discuss the future of chronic migraine management in relation to recent progress in evi...

Authors: Elio Clemente Agostoni, Piero Barbanti, Paolo Calabresi, Bruno Colombo, Pietro Cortelli, Fabio Frediani, Pietrangelo Geppetti, Licia Grazzi, Massimo Leone, Paolo Martelletti, Luigi Alberto Pini, Maria Pia Prudenzano, Paola Sarchielli, Gioacchino Tedeschi and Antonio Russo

Animal models of migraine and experimental techniques used to examine trigeminal sensory processing

Migraine is a common debilitating condition whose main attributes are severe recurrent headaches with accompanying sensitivity to light and sound, nausea and vomiting. Migraine-related pain is a major cause of...

Authors: Andrea M. Harriott, Lauren C. Strother, Marta Vila-Pueyo and Philip R. Holland

Lasmiditan for acute treatment of migraine in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: post-hoc analysis of pooled results from 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials

In addition to the increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease and CV events associated with migraine, patients with migraine can also present with a number of CV risk factors (CVRFs). Existing treatment op...

Authors: Robert E. Shapiro, Helen M. Hochstetler, Ellen B. Dennehy, Rashna Khanna, Erin Gautier Doty, Paul H. Berg and Amaal J. Starling

Identifying and managing refractory migraine: barriers and opportunities?

The term refractory migraine has been used to describe persistent headache that is difficult to treat or fails to respond to standard and/or aggressive treatments. This subgroup of migraine patients are genera...

Authors: Linda D’Antona and Manjit Matharu

Migraine patients’ journey until a tertiary headache center: an observational study

Migraine diagnosis is based on clinical aspects and is dependent on the experience of the attending physician. This study aimed to describe the patients journey profile until they start their experience in a t...

Authors: Mario Fernando Prieto Peres, Diego Belandrino Swerts, Arão Belitardo de Oliveira and Raimundo Pereira Silva-Neto

Electrical stimulation of the superior sagittal sinus suppresses A-type K⁺ currents and increases P/Q- and T-type Ca²⁺ currents in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons

Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder involving abnormal trigeminovascular activation and sensitization. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Authors: Junping Cao, Yuan Zhang, Lei Wu, Lidong Shan, Yufang Sun, Xinghong Jiang and Jin Tao

Shortcomings and missed potentials in the management of migraine patients - experiences from a specialized tertiary care center

Migraine is a common and severely disabling neurological disorder affecting millions of patients in Europe. Despite the availability of evidence-based national and international guidelines, the management of m...

Authors: Christian Ziegeler, Greta Brauns, Tim P. Jürgens and Arne May

Migraine: a major debilitating chronic non-communicable disease in Brazil, evidence from two national surveys

Even though migraine and other primary headache disorders are common and debilitating, major health surveys in Brazil have not included them. We repair this omission by combining data on non-communicable disea...

Authors: Mario Fernando Prieto Peres, Luiz Paulo Queiroz, Pedro Sampaio Rocha-Filho, Elder Machado Sarmento, Zaza Katsarava and Timothy J. Steiner

Efficacy and safety of lasmiditan in patients using concomitant migraine preventive medications: findings from SAMURAI and SPARTAN, two randomized phase 3 trials

To study the efficacy and safety of lasmiditan for acute treatment of migraine in patients using migraine preventive medications.

Authors: Li Shen Loo, Jessica Ailani, Jack Schim, Simin Baygani, Hans-Peter Hundemer, Martha Port and John H. Krege

Remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) in the acute treatment of migraine: a comparison with usual care and acute migraine medications

There is a significant unmet need for new, effective and well tolerated acute migraine treatments. A recent study has demonstrated that a novel remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) treatment provides superi...

Authors: Alan M. Rapoport, Jo H. Bonner, Tamar Lin, Dagan Harris, Yaron Gruper, Alon Ironi and Robert P. Cowan

The association between headache and low back pain: a systematic review

To systematically review studies quantifying the association between primary chronic headaches and persistent low back pain (LBP).

Authors: Arani Vivekanantham, Claire Edwin, Tamar Pincus, Manjit Matharu, Helen Parsons and Martin Underwood

Real-world effectiveness of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment for the prevention of headaches in adults with chronic migraine in Australia: a retrospective study

OnabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX®, Allergan plc, Dublin, Ireland) is approved for the preventive treatment of headaches in adult patients with chronic migraine (CM) in Australia by the country’s reimbursement mechani...

Authors: Catherine Stark, Richard Stark, Nicole Limberg, Julian Rodrigues, Dennis Cordato, Raymond Schwartz and Robert Jukic

New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder

New daily persistent headache (NDPH) presents with a sudden onset headache which continues without remission within 24 h. Although rare, NDPH is important because it is one of the most treatment refractory pri...

Authors: Nooshin Yamani and Jes Olesen

Genetic mouse models of migraine

Mouse models of rare monogenic forms of migraine provide a unique experimental system to study the cellular and circuit mechanisms of the primary brain dysfunctions causing a migraine disorder. Here, we discus...

Authors: Daniela Pietrobon and K. C. Brennan

Diffusion tensor imaging in middle-aged headache sufferers in the general population: a cross-sectional population-based imaging study in the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT-MRI)

Several studies have investigated white matter with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in those suffering from headache, but so far only in clinic based samples and with conflicting results.

Authors: Andreas Kattem Husøy, Live Eikenes, Asta K. Håberg, Knut Hagen and Lars Jacob Stovner

Fluctuations of sensorimotor processing in migraine: a controlled longitudinal study of beta event related desynchronization

The migraine brain seems to undergo cyclic fluctuations of sensory processing. For instance, during the preictal phase, migraineurs experience symptoms and signs of altered pain perception as well as other wel...

Authors: Martin Syvertsen Mykland, Marte Helene Bjørk, Marit Stjern, Petter Moe Omland, Martin Uglem and Trond Sand

Emerging evidence of occipital nerve compression in unremitting head and neck pain

Unremitting head and neck pain (UHNP) is a commonly encountered phenomenon in Headache Medicine and may be seen in the setting of many well-defined headache types. The prevalence of UHNP is not clear, and esta...

Authors: Pamela Blake and Rami Burstein

Galcanezumab in episodic migraine: subgroup analyses of efficacy by high versus low frequency of migraine headaches in phase 3 studies (EVOLVE-1 & EVOLVE-2)

Patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) have a greater disease burden than those with low-frequency episodic migraine (LFEM). Acute treatment overuse increases the risk of migraine chronification...

Authors: Stephen D. Silberstein, Virginia L. Stauffer, Katie A. Day, Sarah Lipsius and Maria-Carmen Wilson

A real-world study on unmet medical needs in triptan-treated migraine: prevalence, preventive therapies and triptan use modification from a large Italian population along two years

Although migraine is a disabling neurological condition that causes important disability, it remains an area of underdiagnosis and undertreatment worldwide. The aim of this study was to depict the burden of th...

Authors: Carlo Piccinni, Sabina Cevoli, Giulia Ronconi, Letizia Dondi, Silvia Calabria, Antonella Pedrini, Immacolata Esposito, Valentina Favoni, Giulia Pierangeli, Pietro Cortelli and Nello Martini

Quality assurance in specialized headache units in Spain: an observational prospective study

To assess the quality of the therapeutic approach in Specialized Headache Units in Spain.

Authors: Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Alba Martínez-García, Julio Pascual, Emilio Ignacio, Ángel L. Guerrero-Peral, José Balseiro-Gómez, Jesús Porta-Etessam, Germán Latorre-González, Almudena Layos-Romero, César Lucas and José J. Mira

Advances in genetics of migraine

Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder with a strong genetic component. There are rare monogenic forms of migraine, as well as more common polygenic forms; research into the genes involved in both types ...

Authors: Heidi G. Sutherland, Cassie L. Albury and Lyn R. Griffiths

Correction to: Primary headaches during lifespan

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that one of the author names was incompletely presented.

Authors: Andreas Straube and Anna P. Andreou

The HUNT4 study: the validity of questionnaire-based diagnoses

Questionnaire-based headache diagnoses should be validated against diagnoses made by the gold standard, which is personal interview by a headache expert. The diagnostic algorithm with the best diagnostic accur...

Authors: Knut Hagen, Anders Nikolai Åsberg, Benjamin L. Uhlig, Erling Tronvik, Eiliv Brenner and Trond Sand

Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias presenting in a multidisciplinary tertiary orofacial pain clinic

Orofacial pain may have a variety of causes and offers a significant clinical challenge for its diagnosis and management.

Authors: D. Y. Wei, D. Moreno-Ajona, T. Renton and P. J. Goadsby

Real-world treatment patterns and patient-reported outcomes in episodic and chronic migraine in Japan: analysis of data from the Adelphi migraine disease specific programme

In Japan, detailed information on the characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of people living with migraine is limited. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics, disease b...

Authors: Kaname Ueda, Wenyu Ye, Louise Lombard, Atsushi Kuga, Yongin Kim, Sarah Cotton, James Jackson and Tamas Treuer

Letter to the editor: European headache federation guidelines on the use of monoclonal antibodies acting on the calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor for migraine prevention

Authors: Daniel D. Mikol and Josefin Snellman

Erenumab and galcanezumab in chronic migraine prevention: effects after treatment termination

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the CGRP pathway are safe and efficacious therapies for the prevention of migraine. In this study we assessed the effects of discontinuation of preventive erenumab and ga...

Authors: Bianca Raffaelli, Valeria Mussetto, Heike Israel, Lars Neeb and Uwe Reuter

Burden and costs of migraine in a Swedish defined patient population – a questionnaire-based study

Migraine is a disabling, chronic neurological disease leading to severe headache episodes affecting 13.2% of the Swedish population. Migraine leads to an extensive socio-economic burden in terms of healthcare ...

Authors: Frida Hjalte, Sara Olofsson, Ulf Persson and Mattias Linde

Clinical features of visual migraine aura: a systematic review

Migraine aura (MA) is a common and disabling neurological condition, characterized by transient visual, and less frequently sensory and dysphasic aura disturbances.

Authors: Michele Viana, Erling Andreas Tronvik, Thien Phu Do, Chiara Zecca and Anders Hougaard

Aura and Stroke: relationship and what we have learnt from preclinical models

Population-based studies have highlighted a close relationship between migraine and stroke. Migraine, especially with aura, is a risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Interestingly, stroke risk...

Authors: Muge Yemisci and Katharina Eikermann-Haerter

Correction to: Ultra-high field MR angiography in human migraine models: a 3.0 T/7.0 T comparison study

After publication of the original article [1], the authors have notified us that an updated version of Figures 1, 2 and 3 should have been published. The incorrect and revised figures can be found below.

Authors: Casper Emil Christensen, Samaira Younis, Ulrich Lindberg, Vincent Oltman Boer, Patrick de Koning, Esben Thade Petersen, Olaf Bjarne Paulson, Henrik Bo Wiberg Larsson, Faisal Mohammad Amin and Messoud Ashina

Migraine and cluster headache show impaired neurosteroids patterns

Perturbation of neuronal excitability contributes to migraine. Neurosteroids modulate the activity of γ-aminobutyric acid A and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, and might be involved in the pathogenesis of migr...

Authors: Angela Koverech, Claudia Cicione, Luana Lionetto, Marta Maestri, Francesco Passariello, Elisabetta Sabbatini, Matilde Capi, Cristiano Maria De Marco, Martina Guglielmetti, Andrea Negro, Luisa Di Menna, Maurizio Simmaco, Ferdinando Nicoletti and Paolo Martelletti