Table 1 Comparisons of baseline characteristics of population with and without gestational headache

Prior to pregnancy

 Age, y [SD]

31.73 ± 4.09

31.25 ± 4.27

 < 0.001

 Hypertension, n (%)

4,495 (0.53)

574 (1.01)

 < 0.001

 Diabetes, n (%)

7,606 (0.9)

792 (1.39)

 < 0.001

 Previous functional disability, n (%)^a

4,681 (0.55)

597 (1.05)

 < 0.001

 History of headache disorder, n (%)

28,364 (3.34)

5,465 (9.62)

 < 0.001

 Migraine

16,747 (1.97)

3,592 (6.32)

 < 0.001

 Tension-type headache

12,092 (1.42)

2,138 (3.76)

 < 0.001

 Other primary headaches

1,580 (0.19)

315 (0.55)

 < 0.001

During pregnancy

 Gestational hypertension, n (%)^b

12,537 (1.48)

1,279 (2.25)

 < 0.001

 Gestational diabetes, n (%)

49,699 (5.85)

3,253 (5.73)

0.217

Clinical outcomes

 Any stroke, n (%)

963 (0.11)

103 (0.18)

 < 0.001

 Ischemic stroke, n (%)

488 (0.06)

49 (0.09)

0.006

 Hemorrhagic stroke, n (%)

509 (0.06)

56 (0.10)

 < 0.001

 Intracerebral hemorrhage, n (%)

395 (0.05)

44 (0.08)

0.001

 Subarachnoid hemorrhage, n (%)

139 (0.02)

15 (0.03)

0.076