Table 3 Determinants of QOL

Patient characteristics

 Gender [22, 35, 51, 53, 73, 74]

6

3 [35, 51, 73]

 Age [22, 51, 53, 61, 73, 74]

6

3 [53, 61, 73]

Psychological traits

 Depressive symptoms [22, 42, 76]

3

3 [22, 42, 76]

 Negative affectivity [49]

1

1 [49]

 Negative life events [51]

1

1 [51]

 Stress [49]

1

1 [49]

 Anxiety [42, 65, 76]

3

2 [42, 76]

 Anger [76]

1

1 [76]

 Health-goal importance [51]

1

0

 Goal-frustration [51]

1

1 [51]

 Cognitive coping strategies [51, 74, 76]

3

2 [51, 76]

 Health mindset [27]

1

1 [27]

Headache variables

 Type of headache [26, 31, 36, 52, 53, 59, 65, 70, 73, 78]

10

5 [36, 52, 59, 65, 78]

 Headache frequency, activity [31, 43, 49, 51, 53, 61]

6

2 [49, 51]

 Severity, intensity [22, 29, 51, 53, 61, 65, 78]

7

5 [22, 29, 53, 65, 78]

 Duration [55, 61, 73]

3

1 [73]

Comorbidity and functional impairment

 Disability [23, 29, 35, 37, 54, 55]

6

5 [23, 29, 37, 54, 55]

 Comorbidities [55, 58, 71]

3

2 [58, 71]

 Pain measurements [31, 55, 66]

3

3 [31, 55, 66]

 Accompanying symptoms [55, 66]

2

2 [55, 66]

 Sleep disturbance [56, 76]

2

2 [56, 76]

 Sensory processing difficulties [37]

1

1 [37]

 Fatigue [76]

1

1 [76]

Treatment variables

 Including medication [8, 51, 63, 77, 79]

5

2 [8, 79]

 Without medication [25, 29, 39, 41, 44, 69, 70]

7

4 [29, 41, 69, 70]