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Fig. 3 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 3

From: Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine levels in the dentate nucleus and periaqueductal gray with episodic and chronic migraine: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Fig. 3

Brain neurochemical levels of the HC, EM, and CM groups. a GABA/water (international units [i.u.]) in the PAG and DN of the HC, EM, and CM groups. b GABA/Cr in the PAG and DN of the HC, EM, and CM groups. c Glx/water (i.u.) in the PAG and DN of the HC, EM, and CM groups. d Glx/Cr in the PAG and DN of the HC, EM, and CM groups. *P < 0.05 (statistically significant). Abbreviations: HC, healthy control; EM, episodic migraine; CM, chronic migraine; PAG, periaqueductal gray; DN, dentate nucleus; Cr, creatine; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; Glx, glutamate/glutamine

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The Journal of Headache and Pain

ISSN: 1129-2377

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