Fig. 4

Phenotypic effects on total Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity. The phenotype of the ATP1A2 mutations: red, FHM/AHC with epilepsy and intellectual disability; green, FHM with epilepsy; blue, pure FHM. a The activity of mutant Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase associated with intellectual disability showed lower activity than that of pure FHM or with epilepsy. GTCS, generalized tonic-clonic seizure; ID, intellectual disability. b-d Among mutations associated with epilepsy and intellectual disability, patients had a younger age of first hemiplegic migraine attack, but there was no statistical correlation with Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity (no ouabain: P = 0.597, 10 µM ouabain: P = 0.463, 100 µM ouabain: P = 0.169). HM, hemiplegic migraine