Fig. 7

Activation of GLP-1R inhibited LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial inflammatory cytokine release. a Double immunofluorescence staining images of GLP-1R with Iba-1 in BV-2 cells. Scale bar: 20 μm. b Western blots showing the alterations of GLP-1R, Iba-1, IL-1β and TNF-α protein levels in LPS-triggered BV-2 cells following liraglutide and exendin(9–39) incubation. c-f The graphs show the quantification of band intensities, which are presented relative to those of β-actin. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 vs. sham group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 vs. LPS group