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Table 1 Subject sociodemographics and headache diagnoses

From: Mild traumatic brain injury affects the features of migraine

 

Total

 

mTBI group

non-TBI group

P-valuea

Gender, age, CM controlled P-valuef

Number

1054

(%)

413

(%)

641

(%)

  

Age

 Mean ± SD

46

± 13

46

± 13

45

± 13

0.537c

–

 Median (IQR)

46

(35–56)

46

(35–57)

46

(35–55)

  

Gender

 Female

929

(88.1%)

356

(86.2%)

573

(89.4%)

0.107b,d

–

 Male

122

(11.6%)

56

(13.6%)

66

(10.3%)

  

 Transgender

3

(0.3%)

1

(0.2%)

2

(0.3%)

  

Race

 White

975

(94.1%)

384

(95.0%)

591

(93.5%)

0.069b,e

0.074

 Black/African

23

(2.2%)

6

(1.5%)

17

(2.7%)

  

 Asian

15

(1.4%)

4

(1.0%)

11

(1.7%)

  

 American Indian/ Alaska

18

(1.7%)

8

(2.0%)

10

(1.6%)

  

 Hawaiian/Other Pacific

5

(0.5%)

2

(0.5%)

3

(0.5%)

  

Unknown/ Missing

18

–

9

–

9

–

  

Education level

High school or less

59

(5.8%)

27

(6.9%)

32

(5.1%)

0.242b

0.292

College or degree level

955

(94.2%)

364

(93.1%)

591

(94.9%)

  

 Missing

40

–

22

–

18

–

  

Marital status

 Married/Domestic partnership

703

(67.8%)

255

(63.4%)

449

(70.6%)

0.016b

0.007

 Never married/Separated/Widowed

334

(32.2%)

147

(36.6%)

187

(29.4%)

  

 Missing

16

–

11

–

5

–

  

Employment

 Full-time/part time

620

(60.3%)

235

(58.8%)

385

(61.2%)

0.432b

0.664

 not employee

409

(39.7%)

165

(41.3%)

244

(38.8%)

  

 Missing

25

–

13

–

12

–

  

Household income

 Under $50,000

198

(20.4%)

85

(22.5%)

113

(19.1%)

0.385b

0.421

 $50,000 to $99,999

306

(31.6%)

117

(31.0%)

189

(32.0%)

  

 $100,000 to $149,999

224

(23.1%)

89

(23.5%)

135

(22.8%)

  

 $150,000 to $199,999

113

(11.7%)

46

(12.2%)

67

(11.3%)

  

 $200,000 or more

128

(13.2%)

41

(110.8%)

87

(14.7%)

  

 Missing

85

–

35

–

50

–

  
  1. aBolded text indicates significant difference. bChi-square test. cMann-Whitney test (p-value of Shapiro-Wilk test was < 0.05). dAnalysis included only female and male, due to small number of transgender participants. eSince there were a relatively small number of non-white participants, these groups were combined for purposes of analysis using chi-square-test. fLogistic regression model was performed with controlling for age, gender, and chronic migraine
  2. CM Chronic Migraine, IQR Interquartile range, mTBI mild traumatic brain injury, SD significant difference