Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with migraine
From: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migraine in Japan: a multicentre cross-sectional study
| Â | Patients with migraine |
|---|---|
n (M/F) | 606 (73/533) |
Age, years | 45.2 ± 12.0 |
Diagnosis, n (%) | |
 Migraine without aura | 483 (79.7) |
 Migraine with aura | 139 (22.9) |
 Chronic migraine | 84 (13.9) |
 Onset of migrainea, years | 20.2 ± 10.2 |
Smoking, n (%) | |
 Never | 457 (75.4) |
 Past | 103 (17.0) |
 Current | 46 (7.6) |
Alcohol intakea, n (%) | |
 Never | 291 (48.0) |
 <1 day/week | 223 (36.8) |
 1–2 days/week | 60 (9.9) |
 3–5 days/week | 17 (2.8) |
 6–7 days/week | 13 (2.1) |
 Caffeine, n (%) | 560 (92.4) |
 Caffeinea, cups/day | 2.7 ± 2.1 |
Accompanying symptoms, n (%) | |
 Nausea | 424 (70.0) |
 Photophobia | 439 (72.4) |
 Phonophobia | 438 (72.3) |
 Osmophobia | 312 (51.5) |
 Allodynia | 102 (16.8) |
bAcute headache medication, n (%) | 596 (98.3) |
bPreventive headache medication, n (%) | 384 (63.4) |
Comorbidities, n (%) | 269 (44.4) |
Use of infection protective wear, n (%) | 603 (99.5) |
Mask, n (%) | 603 (99.5) |
Mask usagea (h/d) | 6.7 ± 4.0 |
Face shield, n (%) | 37 (6.1) |
Face shield usagea (h/d) | 4.6 ± 3.1 |
PPE, n (%) | 10 (1.7) |
PPE usage (h/d) | 4.0 ± 3.1 |
Evaluation period after the end of the state of emergency (months) | 2.6 ± 1.8 |