Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics in four groups classified according to primary headache and HATMD^a

 Age, years

35.4 (14.9)

32.3 (12.1)

36.1 (14.4)

33.7 (10.6)

0.167

0.572

0.856

 Sex, female, n (%)

32 (71.1)

42 (79.3)

22 (84.6)

49 (80.3)

0.858

0.269

0.350

 Race, white, n (%)

29 (64.4)

46 (86.8)

20 (76.9)

49 (80.3)

0.051

0.861

0.155

 Time since onset, years

8.0 (9.5)

10.3 (8.6)

14.4 (14.0)

11.2 (7.7)

0.754

0.019

0.074

 Frequency in the last 30 days, d

23.5 (7.2)

24.2 (6.9)

23.7 (7.0)

23.1 (6.9)

0.975

0.658

0.519

 Myalgia with arthralgia, n (%)

42 (93.3)

50 (94.3)

23 (88.5)

59 (96.7)

0.230

0.980

0.354

 Mean weekly pain intensity, 0–100 scale

45.1 (16.2)

45.8 (14.6)

48.8 (14.2)

50.5 (16.0)

0.618

0.081

0.820

 Mean weekly pain duration, % of waking day

57.9 (27.1)

58.0 (24.1)

52.8 (22.7)

62.9 (26.8)

0.198

0.975

0.207

 GCPS: Characteristic pain intensity, 0–100 scale

57.2 (13.9)

55.6 (13.9)

58.2 (15.5)

64.8 (15.1)

0.266

0.024

0.070

 GCPS: Facial pain interference, 0–100 scale

22.5 (22.4)

19.2 (19.5)

29.1 (26.6)

39.5 (23.8)

0.316

<.001

0.052

 GCPS grade IIb-IV, n (%)

13 (33.3)

12 (22.6)

12 (46.2)

41 (67.2)

0.611

<.001

0.033

 Pain-free jaw opening, mm

31.7 (10.7)

28.2 (10.4)

31.3 (12.1)

27.7 (11.5)

0.040

0.801

0.984

 Maximum unassisted jaw opening, mm

45.6 (8.5)

42.5 (9.6)

45.5 (9.7)

43.3 (9.7)

0.072

0.835

0.773

 Maximum assisted jaw opening, mm

49.6 (8.6)

47.1 (8.7)

48.8 (12.1)

47.3 (9.1)

0.170

0.843

0.732

8.0 (3.1)

9.2 (3.0)

7.8 (4.4)

10.5 (3.7)

0.001

0.326

0.199

 Familiar TMJ pain responses on examination, 0–14

5.8 (3.5)

7.1 (3.5)

6.7 (4.4)

8.0 (3.8)

0.025

0.119

0.994

 JFLS total score, 0–10 scale

2.3 (1.5)

2.4 (1.5)

2.6 (1.4)

3.2 (1.9)

0.145

0.033

0.362

 Time since onset, y

16.3 (11.6)

12.6 (9.6)

18.9 (14.2)

16.3 (8.9)

0.056

0.055

0.753

 Monthly frequency in the last 3 months, d

10.0 (9.4)

14.3 (8.8)

13.9 (10.9)

19.2 (8.7)

0.001

0.002

0.718

 Chronic headache, n (%)

10 (22.2)

25 (47.2)

7 (26.9)

22 (36.1)

0.023

0.765

0.299

 HIT-6 score, 36–78 scale

51.0 (7.9)

53.5 (7.0)

58.8 (7.3)

60.6 (5.8)

0.048

<.001

0.738

 SF-12v2 Physical Health, 0–100 scale

50.7 (9.1)

52.5 (8.8)

46.4 (10.0)

45.7 (11.1)

0.720

<.001

0.422

 PSQI total score, 0–21 scale

6.4 (3.8)

6.0 (3.7)

6.8 (3.9)

7.6 (3.3)

0.794

0.084

0.287

 Heart rate, bpm

70.5 (10.9)

68.7 (11.7)

74.9 (10.7)

71.7 (11.8)

0.163

0.038

0.691

 Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg

122.4 (12.5)

118.5 (12.1)

128.8 (12.3)

120.6 (14.9)

0.004

0.039

0.286

 Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg

73.2 (9.2)

70.1 (8.9)

78.5 (10.0)

72.9 (9.6)

0.003

0.006

0.393