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Table 3 Age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause and disease-specific mortality according to migraine subtypes or non-migraine headache status (N = 27,844)

From: Migraine, headache, and mortality in women: a cohort study

Migraine or headache status:

No history, (N = 18,691)

Non-migraine headache, (N = 4025)

Migraine with aura, (N = 1435)

Migraine without aura, (N = 2175)

Past history of migraine, (N = 1518)

HR -ref-

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

All-cause death,N

3614

641

198

253

306

Age-adjusteda

1 (ref)

1.04 (0.96–1.13)

0.96 (0.83–1.11)

0.86 (0.76–0.98)

1.02 (0.91–1.15)

MV-adjustedb

1 (ref)

1.01 (0.93–1.10)

0.99 (0.85–1.14)

0.91 (0.80–1.03)

1.00 (0.88–1.12)

Cardiovascular death,N

281

46

22

12

25

Age-adjusteda

1 (ref)

1.08 (0.79–1.47)

1.55 (1.00–2.39)

0.64 (0.36–1.14)

1.08 (0.72–1.63)

MV-adjustedb

1 (ref)

0.99 (0.72–1.35)

1.64 (1.06–2.54)

0.68 (0.38–1.22)

1.03 (0.68–1.55)

Cancer death,N

861

164

48

85

66

Age-adjusteda

1 (ref)

1.01 (0.86–1.20)

0.86 (0.64–1.15)

1.04 (0.83–1.30)

0.94 (0.73–1.20)

MV-adjustedb

1 (ref)

1.02 (0.86–1.21)

0.89 (0.67–1.19)

1.09 (0.87–1.37)

0.93 (0.72–1.19)

Female-specific cancercdeath,N

248

41

12

26

15

Age-adjusteda

1 (ref)

0.86 (0.61–1.19)

0.72 (0.40–1.29)

1.05 (0.70–1.58)

0.74 (0.44–1.25)

MV-adjustedb

1 (ref)

0.87 (0.62–1.21)

0.74 (0.41–1.32)

1.08 (0.72–1.62)

0.75 (0.45–1.27)

  1. Abbreviations: HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, ref, reference category; MV-adjusted, multivariable-adjusted
  2. aAdjusted for age at baseline
  3. bAdjusted for the following variables measured at baseline: age, BMI, total cholesterol, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, family history of myocardial infarction, and family history of cancer
  4. cIncludes breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer