Table 3 Patient characteristics for different clinical courses
From: Clinical patterns of primary stabbing headache: a single clinic-based prospective study
Monophasic (M; n = 28) | Intermittent (I; n = 17) | Chronic daily (C; n = 12) | P * | Post-hoc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M vs. C | M vs. I | C vs. I | |||||
Age (y) | 54 (48–61) | 57 (48–63) | 56 (39–62) | 0.970 | 0.871 | 0.879 | 0.825 |
Female sex | 17 (60.7%) | 15 (88.2%) | 9 (75.0%) | 0.203 | 0.484 | 0.088 | 0.622 |
Chronicity at presentation | 0 (0.0%) | 16 (94.1%) | 8 (66.7%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.130 |
Follow-up (d) | 34 (20–63) | 43 (22–81) | 72 (51–112) | 0.020 | 0.006 | 0.560 | 0.048 |
Total disease duration (d) | 13 (5–22) | 1,460 (574–3,684) | 269(155–398) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
Severity (Numeric Rating Scale) | 8 (6–10) | 7 (5–8) | 7 (5–9) | 0.114 | 0.226 | 0.046 | 0.575 |
Duration (s) | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–3) | 3 (1–9) | 0.163 | 0.128 | 0.629 | 0.064 |
Affected territory (not exclusive) | |||||||
Occipital | 25 (89.3%) | 14 (82.4%) | 9 (75.0%) | 0.262 | 0.341 | 0.658 | 0.669 |
V1 | 2 (7.1%) | 2 (11.8%) | 3 (25.0%) | 0.205 | 0.149 | 0.626 | 0.622 |
Multiple | 4 (14.3%) | 4 (23.5%) | 7 (58.3%) | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.452 | 0.119 |
Side | 0.015 | 0.021 | 0.284 | 0.274 | |||
Side-locked | 23 (82.1%) | 11 (64.7%) | 5 (41.7%) | ||||
Bilateral or alternating | 5 (17.9%) | 6 (35.3%) | 7 (58.3%) | ||||
Migrating location | 4 (14.3%) | 4 (23.5%) | 6 (50.0%) | 0.031 | 0.041 | 0.452 | 0.236 |
Stab frequency per day | 0.118 | 0.476 | 0.001 | 0.018* | |||
1 (sporadic stab) | 2 (7.1%) | 7 (41.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||||
2–10 | 9 (32.1%) | 7 (41.2%) | 7 (58.3%) | ||||
10–30 | 6 (21.4%) | 2 (11.8%) | 2 (16.7%) | ||||
30–100 | 6 (21.4%) | 1 (5.9%) | 2 (16.7%) | ||||
>100 | 5 (17.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (8.3%) | ||||
Pattern of occurrence | 0.060 | 0.300 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
Daily | 28 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (91.7%) | ||||
A few per month | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (47.1%) | 1 (8.3%) | ||||
A few per year | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (52.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||||
Migraine history | 14 (50.0%) | 6 (35.3%) | 4 (33.3%) | 0.314 | 0.491 | 0.372 | >0.999 |
Allodynia | 10 (35.7%) | 4 (23.5%) | 6 (50.0%) | 0.605 | 0.490 | 0.513 | 0.236 |
Jolts | 22 (78.6%) | 14 (82.4%) | 6 (50.0%) | 0.131 | 0.130 | >0.999 | 0.106 |
Bodily jabs | 4 (14.3%) | 1 (5.9%) | 3 (25.0%) | 0.636 | 0.410 | 0.635 | 0.279 |
Depression | 4 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.101 | 0.297 | 0.281 | >0.999 |
Anxiety | 3 (10.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.158 | 0.541 | 0.279 | >0.999 |
Panic disorder | 1 (3.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.702 | >0.999 | >0.999 | >0.999 |
Caffeine consumption | 22 (78.6%) | 13 (76.5%) | 8 (66.7%) | 0.564 | 0.451 | >0.999 | 0.683 |
Smoking | 4 (14.3%) | 1 (5.9%) | 3 (25.0%) | 0.636 | 0.410 | 0.635 | 0.279 |
Insomnia | 7 (25.0%) | 5 (29.4%) | 5 (41.7%) | 0.365 | 0.453 | 0.743 | 0.694 |
Stress scale | 60 (30–71) | 50 (30–60) | 65 (35–80) | 0.358 | 0.412 | 0.382 | 0.161 |