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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study sample

From: The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Ethiopia

 

All

n (%)

Rural

n (%)

Urban

n (%)

p a

Total

2,385

1,789 (75.0)

596 (25.0)

–

Gender

 Female

1,328 (55.7)

970 (54.2)

358 (60.1)

 

 Male

1,057 (44.3)

819 (45.8)

238 (39.9)

0.0133b

Age (years)

 18–25

583 (24.4)

399 (22.3)

184 (30.9)

<0.0001c

 26–35

873 (36.7)

648 (36.2)

225 (37.8)

 36–45

452 (19.0)

351 (19.6)

101 (16.9)

 46–55

325 (13.6)

264 (14.8)

61 (10.2)

 56–65

152 (6.4)

127 (7.1)

25 (4.2)

Marital status

 Single

1,597 (67.0)

1,317 (73.6)

280 (47.0)

<0.0001c

 Married

480 (20.1)

239 (13.4)

241 (40.4)

 Widowed

104 (4.4)

63 (3.5)

41 (6.9)

 Divorced

204 (8.6)

170 (9.5)

34 (5.7)

Educational level

 None (illiterate)

947 (39.7)

876 (49.0)

71 (11.9)

<0.0001c

 Primary

756 (31.7)

602 (33.7)

154 (25.8)

 Secondary

449 (18.8)

235 (13.1)

214 (35.9)

 Higher

233 (9.8)

76 (4.2)

157 (26.3)

Employment

 Housewife

829 (34.8)

723 (40.4)

106 (17.8)

<0.0001c

 Student

219 (9.2)

141 (7.9)

78 (13.1)

 Employed (non-farmer)

598 (25.1)

230 (12.9)

368 (61.7)

 Farmer

660 (27.7)

659 (36.8)

1 (0.2)

 Unemployed

47 (2.0)

8 (0.4)

39 (6.5)

 Retired

32 (1.3)

28 (1.6)

4 (0.7)

Income per month (ETB)d

  ≤ 500

958 (40.5)

887 (49.7)

71 (12.3)

<0.0001b

  > 500

1,405 (59.5)

897 (50.3)

508 (87.7)

  1. acomparing distributions between rural and urban participants; bFisher’s exact test; cchi-squared test; dresults missing for 22 participants; ETB: Ethiopian birr (at the time of the study, USD 1.00 = ETB 18.93; therefore ETB 500/month was approximately USD 1/day)