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Table 3 Logistic regression analysis showing association of headache disorders with comorbid anxiety and depression (HADS-cAD)

From: Comorbidities of psychiatric and headache disorders in Nepal: implications from a nationwide population-based study

Headache type

HADS-cAD caseness

p

n (%)a

OR [95 % CI]

AOR [95 % CI]

No headache (N = 306)

11 (3.6)

Reference

Any headache (N = 1794)

126 (7.0)

2.0 [1.1–3.8]

1.9 [1.0–3.6]

0.050

Migraine (N = 728)

64 (8.8)

2.6 [1.3–4.9]

2.3 [1.2–4.4]

0.016

Tension-type headache (N = 863)

42 (4.9)

1.4 [0.7–2.7]

1.4 [0.7–2.8]

0.34

Headache on ≥15 d/m (N = 161)

17 (10.6)

3.2 [1.4–6.9]

2.7 [1.2–6.1]

0.014

  1. aNumber (n) of cases with comorbid anxiety and depression (HADS-cAD) and their proportion (%) among those (N) with the headache type; OR: odds ratio, AOR: adjusted odds ratio (adjusted for age, gender, annual household consumption, habitation, altitude and use of alcohol and marijuana), d/m: days/month