Hemodynamic characteristics of high-altitude headache following acute high altitude exposure at 3700 m in young Chinese men

Bian, Shi-Zhu; Jin, Jun; Li, Qian-Ning; Yu, Jie; Tang, Cai-Fa; Rao, Rong-Sheng; Yu, Shi-Yong; Zhao, Xiao-Hui; Qin, Jun; Huang, Lan

doi:10.1186/s10194-015-0527-3

Table 1 Alterations in systemic and cerebral hemodynamics (N = 129)

From: Hemodynamic characteristics of high-altitude headache following acute high altitude exposure at 3700 m in young Chinese men

	Sea level	3700 m	p value
Systemic hemodynamics
SBP	116.32 ± 15.24	115.84 ± 11.84	0.782
DBP	74.65 ± 10.93	76.24 ± 9.40	0.156
ΔBP	41.67 ± 11.71	39.61 ± 8.05	0.131
MAP	88.54 ± 11.25	89.44 ± 9.55	0.444
HR	63.58 ± 10.19	83.98 ± 11.90	<0.001**
SpO₂	98.34 ± 1.06	88.72 ± 2.71	<0.001**
LA	30.91 ± 1.73	30.00 ± 1.92	<0.001**
LV	46.47 ± 2.45	46.15 ± 2.04	0.184
RA	35.70 ± 2.23	34.21 ± 2.15	<0.001**
RV	35.49 ± 2.08	33.72 ± 2.42	<0.001**
PA	20.24 ± 1.60	19.92 ± 1.60	0.097
EF	62.94 ± 5.49	66.56 ± 3.92	<0.001**
SV	65.24 ± 12.22	67.30 ± 8.31	0.088
CO	4.16 ± 0.95	5.32 ± 1.09	<0.001**
Tricuspid regurgitation	0.500 (1.00)	0.500(0.500)	0.885
Cerebral hemodynamics
Left side MCA
V_m	62.08 ± 10.39	65.79 ± 11.78	<0.001**
V_s	95.95 ± 14.60	99.80 ± 15.93	0.002**
V_d	42.69 ± 7.91	46.47 ± 9.07	<0.001**
PI	0.867 ± 0.133	0.817 ± 0.133	<0.001**
RI	0.554 ± 0.048	0.534 ± 0.048	<0.001**
Left side VA
V_{m_}	32.77 ± 5.14	35.20 ± 5.83	<0.001**
V_{s_}	50.70 ± 7.50	51.57 ± 7.91	0.233
V_{d_}	21.91 ± 4.095	24.82 ± 4.86	<0.001**
PI	0.895 ± 0.181	0.770 ± 0.168	<0.001**
RI	0.570 ± 0.067	0.516 ± 0.061	<0.001**
Right side MCA
V_m	58.79 ± 10.18	63.25 ± 11.58	<0.001**
V_s	90.50 ± 14.18	94.71 ± 15.01	<0.001**
V_d	40.35 ± 7.49	44.55 ± 9.04	<0.001**
PI	0.864 ± 0.150	0.804 ± 0.130	<0.001**
RI	0.556 ± 0.055	0.530 ± 0.050	0.293
Right side VA
V_m	34.33 ± 4.77	36.47 ± 5.73	<0.001**
V_s	50.60 ± 6.55	51.78 ± 7.83	0.058
V_d	23.24 ± 4.12	25.90 ± 4.55	<0.001**
PI	0.808 ± 0.162	0.715 ± 0.117	<0.001**
RI	0.539 ± 0.061	0.499 ± 0.048	<0.001**
BA
V_m	39.66 ± 7.75	41.85 ± 9.58	0.002**
V_s	67.93 ± 13.57	66.19 ± 13.46	0.117
V_d	25.07 ± 5.85	28.59 ± 7.71	<0.001**
PI	1.093 ± 0.251	0.920 ± 0.220	<0.001**
RI	0.627 ± 0.068	0.567 ± 0.073	<0.001**
Asymmetry of the bilateral VAs
ΔV_s	0.0 (11.0)	0.0 (12.0)	0.645
ΔV_d	−1.0 (6.0)	−1.0 (6.0)	0.623
ΔV_m	−1.0 (7.0)	−2.0 (8.0)	0.529
AI%	−3.5 (20.2)	−2.9 (18.1)	0.190
Conduction
CVCi	0.695 ± 0.145	0.730 ± 0.149	0.011*

BA: basilar artery; CO: cardiac output; CVCi : cerebrovascular conductance index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; EF: ejection fraction; HAH: high-altitude headache; HAH+: HAH positive or with HAH; HAH-: HAH negative or without HAH;HR: heart rate; LA: end-diastolic internal diameters of left atrium; LV: end-diastolic internal diameters of left ventricle; MCA: middle cerebral artery; PA: end-diastolic internal diameters of pulmonary artery; PI: pulsatility index; RA: end-diastolic internal diameters of right atrium; RI: resistance index; RV: end-diastolic internal diameters of right ventricle; SBP: systolic blood pressure;SpO2: saturation pulse oxygen; SV: stroke volume; VA: vertebral artery; Vs: systolic velocity; Vd: diastolic velocity; Vm: mean velocity;ΔVs: difference in systolic velocity between bilateral isonym cerebral arteries; ΔVd: difference in diastolic velocity between bilateral isonym cerebral arteries;ΔVm: Difference in mean velocity between bilateral isonym cerebral arteries. Cerebrovascular conductance index (CVCi) = V_{m_MCA}/MAP
#: N = 129;
*p is 0.05 or less, **p is 0.01 or less
Most of the cerebral hemodynamic parameters altered dramatically from sea level to 3700 m and systemic hemodynamic parameters altered dramatically in part

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