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Table 2 Associations of anxiety and depressive symptoms and behavioral problems in Young-HUNT1 with recurrent headache and headache diagnoses in Young-HUNT2

From: The relationship of anxiety, depression and behavioral problems with recurrent headache in late adolescence – a Young-HUNT follow-up study

 

Recurrent headache (yes = 557, no = 1029)

Migraine (yes = 136, no = 1029)

Tension-type headache (yes = 316, no = 1029)

Non-classifiable headache (yes = 105, no = 1029)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Step 1

Symptoms of anxiety and depression (1–4)

1.60 (1.23-2.07)

<0.001

1.84 (1.24-2.71)

0.003

1.40 (1.03-1.90)

0.032

1.67 (1.07-2.62)

0.024

Step 2

Symptoms of anxiety and depression (1–4)

1.56 (1.19-2.05)

0.001

1.79 (1.17-2.74)

0.007

1.37 (0.99-1.91)

0.057

1.68 (1.03-2.74)

0.037

Attention difficulties (1–4)

1.05 (0.87-1.26)

0.627

1.05 (0.77-1.43)

0.752

1.04 (0.83-1.30)

0.760

0.99 (0.71-1.39)

0.962

Step 3

Symptoms of anxiety and depression (1–4)

1.57 (1.19-2.07)

0.001

1.79 (1.17-2.74)

0.008

1.39 (1.00-1.93)

0.053

1.70 (1.04-2.77)

0.034

Attention difficulties (1–4)

1.06 (0.88-1.29)

0.523

1.05 (0.76-1.44)

0.769

1.06 (0.83-1.34)

0.655

1.02 (0.72-1.45)

0.919

Conduct difficulties (1–4)

0.91 (0.67-1.24)

0.546

1.01 (0.60-1.69)

0.972

0.90 (0.61-1.32)

0.590

0.85 (0.46-1.55)

0.584

  1. Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval.
  2. All analyses are adjusted for age, sex and single parenthood.