Table 2 Headache classification at age 11 years in univariable analyses

Maternal smoking during pregnancy

0.67

7.05**

No

279 (80.4%)

53 (81.5%)

1.89

78 (68.4%)

0.93

Yes

68 (19.6%)

12 (18.5%)

ref

36 (31.6%)

Maternal perceived stress during pregnancy^†

2.08

3.33

Low (scores 0–13)

195(55.9%)

34 (60.9%)

ref

61 (65%)

ref

High (scores 14–39)

154 (44.1%)

29 (39.1%)

1.49

52 (54%)

1.49

Birth weight

0.11

1.22

AGA

214 (60.6%)

38 (58.5%)

ref

63 (54.8%)

ref

SGA

139 (39.4%)

27 (41.5%)

1.09

52 (45.2%)

1.27

Gender

0.16

2.62

Female

178 (50.4%)

31 (47.7%)

ref

48 (41.7%)

ref

Male

175 (49.6%)

34 (52.3%)

1.12

67 (58.3%)

1.42

SDQ Total difficulties at 3.5 years, parent^a

0.63

4.60*

Normal

239 (83.6%)

44 (88.0%)

ref

63 (73.3%)

ref

Borderline/Abnormal

47 (16.4%)

6 (12.0%)

0.69

23 (26.7%)

1.86

Maternal perceived stress at 3.5 years^†

0.39

1.17

Low (scores 0–13)

167 (48.1%)

33 (52.4%)

ref

61 (54%)

ref

High (scores 14–39)

180 (51.9%)

30 (47.6%)

1.08

52 (46%)

1.24

SDQ Total difficulties at 7 years, parent^a

0.52

0.19

Normal

274 (87%)

45 (83.3%)

ref

86 (88.7%)

ref

Borderline/Abnormal

41 (13%)

9 (16.7%)

1.34

11 (11.3%)

0.86

Sleep duration at age 7^‡

3.82*

0.25

<10 hours

121 (43.1%)

29 (58.0%)

1.83

41 (46.1%)

1.13

=/>10 hours

160 (56.9%)

21 (42.0%)

ref

48 (53.9%)

ref

Maternal perceived stress at 7 years^†

0.11

0.86

Low (scores 0–13)

69 (48.3%)

17 (51.5%)

ref

29 (55.8%)

ref

High (scores 14–39)

74 (51.7%)

16 (48.5%)

0.40

23 (44.2%)

0.81

Sleep duration at age 11^‡

0.06

0.01

<9.5 hours

68 (46.6%)

11 (44%)

0.90

28 (47.5)

1.04

=/>9.5 hours

78 (53.4%)

14 (56%)

ref

31 (52.5)

ref

Depression at 11 years

3.57

0.02

No depression

317 (94.1%)

56 (87.5%)

ref

105 (93.8%)

ref

Depression

20 (5.9%)

8 (12.5%)

2.26

7 (6.3%)

1.06

Bullied at 11 years

0.81

7.73**

No

222 (68.1%)

36 (62.1%)

ref

57 (53.3%)

ref

Yes

104 (31.9%)

22 (37.9%)

1.30

50 (46.7%)

1.87

Television watching at 11 years

0.62

0.96

<1 hour

86 (27.3%)

13 (24.1%)

ref

22 (22.4%)

ref

1-3 hours

198 (62.9%)

34 (63.0%)

1.14

65 (66.3%)

1.28

3-5 hours

31 (9.8%)

7 (13.0%)

1.49

11 (11.2%)

1.39

Percent body fat at 11 years

2.38

9.62*

Lower than median

180 (54.2%)

27 (43.5%)

ref

40 (37.0%)

ref

Higher than median

152 (45.8%)

35 (56.5%)

1.54

68 (63.0%)

2.01

SDQ Total difficulties at 11 years, self^a

24.68**

4.27*

Normal

298 (84.9%)

38 (58.5%)

ref

88 (76.5%)

ref

Borderline/Abnormal

53 (15.1%)

27 (41.5%)

4.0

27 (23.5%)

1.73

SDQ Total difficulties at 11 years, parent^a

1.15

0.09

Normal

306 (87.9%)

54 (15.9%)

ref

99 (86.8%)

ref

Borderline/Abnormal

42 (12.1%)

11 (23.1%)

1.48

15 (13.2%)

1.10