Migraine predicts physical and pain symptoms among psychiatric outpatients

Table 5 Independent factors predicting depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and health-related quality of life among psychiatric outpatients

	*Independent variable*	*Beta*	R ² *change*	*p value*
HAMD	MDE	0.58	0.44	< 0.01
	Being employed	−0.15	0.03	< 0.01
	Migraine	0.15	0.02	< 0.01
	Age	−0.11	0.01	0.03
DS	MDE	0.57	0.45	< 0.01
	Migraine	0.20	0.04	< 0.01
	Age	−0.12	0.01	0.01
	Gender	−0.11	0.01	0.03
SS	Migraine	0.32	0.23	< 0.01
	MDE	0.27	0.06	< 0.01
	Being employed	−0.15	0.04	0.01
	Gender	−0.15	0.02	0.02
HADS-D	MDE	0.57	0.39	< 0.01
	Migraine	0.16	0.03	0.01
	Being employed	−0.12	0.01	0.03
HADS-A	MDE	0.41	0.21	< 0.01
	Being employed	−0.13	0.02	0.03
	Migraine	0.14	0.02	0.04
PF	Migraine	−0.22	0.09	< 0.01
	MDE	−0.17	0.02	0.02
	Being employed	0.14	0.02	0.03
RP	MDE	−0.26	0.11	< 0.01
	Migraine	−0.20	0.03	< 0.01
BP	Migraine	−0.35	0.20	< 0.01
	MDE	−0.25	0.05	< 0.01
	Being employed	0.13	0.02	0.03
GH	MDE	−0.36	0.17	< 0.01
	Being employed	0.15	0.03	0.01
	Migraine	−0.13	0.02	0.045
VT	MDE	−0.55	0.31	< 0.01
	Being employed	0.17	0.03	< 0.01
SF	MDE	−0.40	0.21	< 0.01
	Migraine	−0.17	0.02	0.01
	Educational years	−0.15	0.02	0.01
RE	MDE	−0.42	0.25	< 0.01
	Age	0.15	0.02	0.01
	Being employed	0.12	0.02	0.04
	Migraine	−0.13	0.01	0.04
MH	MDE	−0.52	0.30	< 0.01
	Being employed	0.16	0.03	< 0.01
	Age	0.12	0.01	0.04

HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, DS depression subscale of the Depression and Somatic Symptoms Scale (DSSS), SS somatic subscale of the DSSS, HADS-D depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), HADS-A anxiety subscale of the HADS, PF physical functioning, RP role limitations-physical, BP bodily pain, GH general health perceptions, VT vitality, SF social functioning, RE role limitations-emotional, MH mental health, MDE a current major depressive episode.

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