Table 1 Studies on headache prevalence
From: Prevalence of headache in Europe: a review for the Eurolight project
Country (year) | Reference | Time frame | Method | N | Age range (years) | Headache | Chronic headache | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | Total | M | F | Total | ||||||
Adults or all ages | |||||||||||
 Austria (2003) | Lampl [37] | 1-y | P.i. | 997 | ≥15 | 43.6 | 54.6 | 49.4 |  |  |  |
 Croatia (2001, 2003) | L.t. | P.i. | 3,794 | 15–65 |  |  | 65.2 |  |  |  | |
 Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | 1-y | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |
 Denmark (1991) | Rasmussen [10] | L.t. | P.i. | 740 | 25–64 | 93 | 99 | 96 |  |  |  |
 Finland (1981) | Nikiforow [45] | 1-y | P.i. | 200 | >15 | 69 | 83 | 77 |  |  |  |
 Finland (1981) | Nikiforow [45] | L.t. | P.i. | 200 | >15 |  |  | 91 |  |  |  |
 France (1992) | Henry [51] | L.t. | Q | 4,204 | 5–65 |  |  | 35 |  |  |  |
 France (2002) | Henry [20] | N.s. | Q | 10,585 | ≥15 |  |  | 29.2 |  |  | 3.0 |
 France (2003) | Lanteri-Minet [17] | L.t. | Q | 10,585 | ≥15 |  |  |  | 1.6 | 4.2 | 3 |
 France (1996) | Michel [46] | 3-m | Q | 9,411 | >18 | 39.0 | 58.0 | 49 |  |  |  |
 Germany (1994) | Gobel [52] | L.t. | Q | 4,061 | ≥18 |  |  | 71.4 |  |  |  |
 Germany (2009) | Pfaffenrath [61] | 6-m | P.i. | 7,417 | ≥20 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  |  |
 Germany (2009) | Radke [62] | 1-y | T.i. | 7,341 | ≥18 | 53.0 | 66.6 | 60.2 |  |  |  |
 Georgia (2009) | Katsarava [12] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,145 | ≥16 |  |  | 46.3 |  |  | 7.6 |
 Greece (1996) | Mitsikostas [18] | 1-y | Q | 3,501 | 15–75 | 19.0 | 40.0 | 29 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 4.5 |
 Italy (1988) | D’Alessandro [47] | 1-y | Q | 1,154 | >7 | 35.3 | 46.2 | 46 |  |  |  |
 Netherlands (2006) | Wiendels [13] | 3-m | Q | 16,232 | 25–55 |  |  |  |  |  | 3.7 |
 Norway (2000) | Hagen [15] | 1-y | Q | 51,383 | ≥20 | 29.6 | 45.7 | 37.7 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 2.4 |
 Norway (2008) | Grande [22] | 1-y | Q | 20,598 | 30–44 |  |  |  |  |  | 2.9 |
 Norway (2008) | Russell [43] | 1-y | Q | 21,800 | 20–80 | 69.6 | 84.0 | 77.2 |  |  |  |
 Portugal (1995) | Pereira Monteiro [53] | L.t. | Q | 2,008 | All ages |  |  | 88.6 |  |  | 4.1 |
 Spain (1999) | Castillo [14] | 1-y | Q | 2,253 | >14 |  |  |  | 1.0 | 8.7 | 4.7 |
 Spain (1994) | LaÃnez [50] | L.t. | P.i. | 2,231 | 16–65 |  |  | 86.7 |  |  |  |
 Sweden (2001) | Dahlof [42] | 1-y | Q | 1,668 | 18–74 | 50 | 76 | 63 |  |  |  |
 Sweden (2006) | Molarius [63] | 3-m | Q | 43,770 | 18–79 | 10.4 | 22.9 | 16.7 |  |  |  |
 Turkey (2005) | Boru [64] | L.t | P.i. | 1,835 | 15–45 |  | 70.9 |  |  |  |  |
 UK (1975) | Waters [65] | 1-y | Q | 1,718 | >21 | 63.5 | 78.4 | 71.0 |  |  |  |
 UK (2005) | Boardman [48] | 1-y | Q | 1,589 | 18–90 |  |  | 76 |  |  |  |
 UK (1977) | Crisp [66] | L.t. | Q | 727 | >7 | 35.3 | 46.2 |  |  |  |  |
 UK (2003) | Boardman [67] | L.t. | Q | 1,662 | ≥18 | 90.2 | 94.4 | 92.6 |  |  |  |
 UK (2003) | Boardman [67] | 3-m | Q | 1,662 | ≥18 | 62.0 | 76.8 | 70.3 |  |  |  |
Children and youth | |||||||||||
 Finland (1983) | Sillanpää [68] | 1-y | Q | 3,784 | 13 | 79.8 | 84.2 | 82.0 |  |  |  |
 Finland (1994) | Metsähonkala [69] | 1-y | Q | 3,580 | 8–9 |  |  | 36.5 |  |  |  |
 Finland (1991) | Sillanpaa [70] | 1-y | Q | 4,405 | 5 |  |  | 19.5 |  |  |  |
 Finland (1994) | Metsähonkala [69] | L.t. | Q | 3,580 | 8–9 |  |  | 36.5 |  |  |  |
 Germany (2004) | Roth-Isigkeit [71] | 3-m | Q | 735 | 10–18 | 58.9 | 73.1 | 66 |  |  |  |
 Italy (1995) | Raieli [72] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,445 | 11–14 | 19.9 | 28.1 | 23.9 |  |  |  |
 Norway (2004) | Zwart [19] | 1-y | Q | 8,255 | 13–19 | 69.4 | 84.2 | 76.8 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
 Serbia (2007) | Milanovic [73] | L.t. | P.i. | 1,259 | 7–12 |  |  | 32.8 |  |  |  |
 Sweden (2004) | Laurell [33] | 1-y | Q | 1,850 | 7–15 | 39.3 | 50.3 | 44.8 |  |  |  |
 Sweden (1962) | Bille [74] | L.t. | Q | 8,993 | 7–15 | 58 | 59.3 | 58.7 |  |  |  |
 Turkey (2005) | Bugdayci [75] | N.s. | P.i. | 5,777 | 8–16 | 46.2 | 52.8 | 49.2 |  |  | 1.5 |
 Turkey (2007) | Akyol | L.t. | Q | 7,721 | 9–17 | 79.6 | 87.1 | 83.4 |  |  |  |
 Turkey (2006) | Karli [76] | 1-y | Q | 2,387 | 12–17 | 45.1 | 59.8 | 52.2 |  |  |  |
 Turkey (2006) | Unalp [77] | N.s. | Q | 2,384 | 14–18 | 36 | 53 | 46 |  |  |  |
 UK (1977) | Deubner [78] | 1-y | Q | 600 | 10–20 | 74.4 | 81.5 | 78.0 |  |  |  |
 UK (1994) | Abu-Arefeh [79] | 1-y | Q | 2,165 | 5–15 |  |  | 66 |  |  |  |
Elderly | |||||||||||
 Italy (2001) | Prencipe [16] | 1-y | P.i. | 833 | ≥65 | 36.6 | 62.1 | 51 | 2.5 | 6 | 4.4 |
 Italy (2003) | Camarda [80] | 1-y | P.i. | 1,031 | ≥65 | 16.5 | 26.3 | 21.8 |  |  |  |