Table 2 Selected studies evaluating the association between blood pressure, arterial hypertension and migraine
From: Comorbid neuropathologies in migraine: an update on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular aspects
Study | Design | Diagnosis of migraine | Evaluation of BP | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cirillo [33] | Cohort study (age 16–64 years) | ICHD-I criteria | Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensives | Association between arterial hypertension and headache (including migraine) in men and women |
Gudmundsson [39] | Population-based study | ICHD-I criteria modified | Measurement of blood pressure. Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 160 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 95 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensives | No association between hypertension and migraine. Increased probability of having migraine with increasing DBP for women and decreased probability of having migraine with increasing SBP in men and women |
Hagen [40] | Population-based study | ICHD-I criteria modified | Measurement of blood pressure | Trend for decreased probability of having migraine for higher SBP in women but not in men. No association between DBP and migraine |
Muiesan [41] | Population-based study (age 35–50 years) | ICHD-I criteria | Measurement of blood pressure. Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensives | No association between migraine and arterial hypertension |
Prudenzano [42] | Cohort study | ICHD-II criteria | Hypertension defined as BPÂ >Â 140/80Â mmHg | Lower prevalence of hypertension in migraine than in tension-type headache |
Tronvik [44] | Population-based study | ICHD-I criteria modified | Measurement of blood pressure | Increasing SBP was associated with decreasing prevalence of having migraine. For DBP, the findings were less consistent |
Tzourio [46] | Population-based study (age 59–71 years) | ICHD-I criteria | Measurement of blood pressure. Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensives | Migraineurs had a lower mean SBP than non migraineurs, a lower pulse pressure, and a lower mean DBP, although the difference was not significant for the latter. Significant trend of decreasing frequency of migraine with increasing blood pressure |
Wiehe [47] | Population-based study | ICHD-I criteria | Hypertension defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensives | Migraine was less frequent among participants with hypertension. SBP and DBP were lower in migraineurs |