Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

Sex

 Male

14,967 (33.9)

14,967 (33.9)

0

 Female

29,228 (66.1)

29,228 (66.1)

Age, mean, (SD), y

55.3 (9.4)

55.3 (9.4)

0

Household income level

 Medical aid program

369 (0.8)

369 (0.8)

0

 First

3,942 (8.9)

3,942 (8.9)

 Second

3,361 (7.6)

3,361 (7.6)

 Third

3,461 (7.8)

3,461 (7.8)

 Fourth

3,454 (7.8)

3,454 (7.8)

 Fifth

3,509 (7.9)

3,509 (7.9)

 Sixth

3,732 (8.4)

3,732 (8.4)

 Seventh

4,352 (9.8)

4,352 (9.8)

 Eighth

4,960 (11.2)

4,960 (11.2)

 Ninth

6,255 (14.2)

6,255 (14.2)

 Tenth

6,800 (15.4)

6,800 (15.4)

Residential area

 Urban

17,510 (39.6)

17,629 (39.9)

0.006

 Rural

26,685 (60.4)

26,566 (60.1)

Registered disability

 No

44,037 (99.6)

43,932 (99.4)

0.035

 Yes

158 (0.4)

263 (0.6)

History of stroke

 No

43,040 (97.4)

43,024 (97.4)

0.002

 Yes

1,155 (2.6)

1,171 (2.6)

History of ischemic heart disease

 No

43,683 (98.8)

43,563 (98.6)

0.024

 Yes

512 (1.2)

632 (1.4)

History of diabetes mellitus

 No

42,852 (97)

42,566 (96.3)

0.036

 Yes

1,343 (3)

1,629 (3.7)

History of hypertension

 No

41,923 (94.9)

41,805 (94.6)

0.012

 Yes

2,272 (5.1)

2,390 (5.4)

History of antidepressant use (> 90 days)

 No

36,189 (81.9)

35,772 (80.9)

0.024

 Yes

8,006 (18.1)

8,423 (19.1)

Smoking status

 Never-smoker

30,989 (70.1)

30,675 (69.4)

0.019

 Ex-smoker

5,327 (12.1)

5,400 (12.2)

 Current-smoker

6,895 (15.6)

7,036 (15.9)

 Unspecified

984 (2.2)

1,084 (2.5)

BMI, kg/m²

 < 25

29,397 (66.5)

29,069 (65.8)

0.021

 ≥ 25

14,768 (33.4)

15,076 (34.1)

 Unspecified

30 (0.1)

50 (0.1)

Drinking, units/weeks

 None

29,937 (67.7)

29,706 (67.2)

0.013

 ≤ 7

7,147 (16.2)

7,276 (16.5)

 8–14

2,856 (6.5)

2,847 (6.4)

 > 15

3,317 (7.5)

3,393 (7.7)

 Unspecified

938 (2.1)

973 (2.2)