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Table 2 Changes in characteristics of persistent headaches during three months compare to initial characteristics at onset of first-ever ischemic stroke

From: Persistent headache after first-ever ischemic stroke: clinical characteristics and factors associated with its development

Characteristics of headache

New type of headache

P, OR, 95% CI

Headache with altered characteristics

P, OR, 95% CI

Headache at the onset of stroke (n = 46)

Headache in three months after stroke (n = 34)

 

Headache at the onset of stroke (n = 30)

Headache in three months after stroke (n = 21)

 

Frequency of headache per month

  First month

    1–7 days

n/aa

7 (20.6%)

 

n/a

4 (19.0%)

 

    8–14 days

n/a

14 (41.2%)

 

n/a

9 (42.9%)

 

    ≥ 15 days

n/a

13 (38.2%)

 

n/a

8 (38.1%)

 

  Second month

    1–7 days

n/a

11 (32.4%)

 

n/a

5 (23.8%)

 

    8–14 days

n/a

13 (38.2%)

 

n/a

8 (38.1%)

 

    ≥ 15 days

n/a

10 (29.4%)

 

n/a

8 (38.1%)

 

  Third month

    1–7 days

n/a

13 (38.2%)

 

n/a

6 (28.6%)

 

    8–14 days

n/a

12 (35.3%)

 

n/a

7 (33.1%)

 

    ≥ 15 days

n/a

9 (26.5%)

 

n/a

8 (38.1%)

 

  Intensity

    Mild

1 (2.2%)

0 (0%)

0.4

2 (6.7%)

0 (0%)

0.2

    Moderate

14 (30.4%)

13 (38.2%)

0.5

11 (36.7%)

12 (57.1%)

0.1

    Severe

31 (67.4%)

21 (61.8%)

0.6

17 (56.7%)

9 (42.9%)

0.3

  Duration

    < 1 h

4 (8.7%)

0 (0%)

0.08

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

-

    1–4 h

1 (2.2%)

0 (0%)

0.4

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

-

    5–23 h

17 (37.0%)

13 (38.2%)

0.9

13 (43.3%)

9 (42.9%)

0.9

    1–3 days

24 (52.2%)

21 (61.8%)

0.4

17 (56.7%)

12 (57.1%)

0.9

    Aggravation by routine physical activity

31 (67.4%)

27 (79.4%)

0.2

24 (80.0%)

15 (71.4%)

0.5

  Accompanying symptoms

    Nausea

22 (47.8%)

18 (52.9%)

0.7

9 (30.0%)

10 (47.6%)

0.2

    Vomiting

13 (28.3%)

5 (14.7%)

0.2

5 (16.7%)

0 (0%)

0.049;

OШ нeт

    Photophobia

15 (32.6%)

5 (14.7%)

0.07

9 (30.0%)

1 (4.8%)

0.03;

8.0;

1.0–33.7

    Phonophobia

11 (23.9%)

2 (5.9%)

0.03;

5.0;

1.0–24.4

7 (23.3%)

1 (4.8%)

0.07

    Aura

1 (2.2%)

1 (2.9%)

0.8

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

-

  Location

    Frontal

16 (34.8%)

10 (29.4%)

0.6

11 (36.7%)

8 (38.1%)

0.9

    Temporal

21 (45.7%)

15 (44.1%)

0.9

16 (53.3%)

9 (42.9%)

0.5

    Frontotemporal

12 (26.1%)

15 (44.1%)

0.09

9 (30.0%)

7 (33.3%)

0.8

    Occipital

18 (39.1%)

9 (26.5%)

0.2

17 (56.7%)

4 (19.0%)

0.007;

4.4;

1.3–14.6

    Parietal

16 (34.8%)

3 (8.8%)

0.007;

5.5;

1.5–20.9

7 (23.3%)

1 (4.8%)

0.07;

5.9;

0.7–50.6

    Hemicrania

10 (21.7%)

2 (5.9%)

0.05;

4.4;

0.9–21.8

3 (10.0%)

1 (4.8%)

0.5

  Side

    Unilateral

23 (50.0%)

5 (14.7%)

0.001;

5.8;

1.9–17.6

6 (20.0%)

4 (19.0%)

0.9

    Right

14 (30.4%)

3 (8.8%)

0.02;

4.5;

1.2–17.3

2 (6.7%)

2 (9.5%)

0.7

    Left

9 (19.6%)

2 (5.9%)

0.08

4 (13.3%)

2 (9.5%)

0.7

    Bilateral

22 (47.8%)

27 (79.4%)

0.004;

0.2;

0.1–0.7

24 (80.0%)

16 (76.2%)

0.7

    Alternating from one attack to the next

1 (2.2%)

2 (5.9%)

0.4

0 (0%)

1 (4.8%)

0.2

    Simple analgesics ≥ 15 days per month

n/a

8 (23.5%)

 

2 (6.7%)

3 (14.3%)

0.4

    Combine analgesics ≥ 10 days per month

n/a

4 (11.8%)

 

1 (3.3%)

5 (23.8%)

0.03;

0.1;

0.01–1.2

    Triptans ≥ 10 days per month

n/a

0 (0%)

 

1 (3.3%)

0 (0%)

0.4

  1. a n/a Not acceptable