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Table 4 Associations of headache types with demographic variables (N = 2,089)

From: The prevalence of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents in Zambia: a schools-based study

Variable

Migraine

Tension-type headache

All headache on ≥ 15 d/m

Undifferentiated headache

 

Bivariate analysis: Odds ratios [95% CI]

Gender

 Male (n = 1,128)

reference

reference

reference

reference

 Female (n = 961)

1.2 [1.0–14]

0.9 [0.7–1.2]

1.1 [0.7–1.7]

1.1 [0.9–1.4]

Age group (years)

 6–11 (n = 615)

reference

reference

reference

reference

 12–17 (n = 1,474)

1.0 [0.85–1.2]

1.4 [1.06–1.9]

1.7 [0.99–3.0]

1.2 [0.9–1.6]

 

Binary logistic regression analysis: Adjusted odds ratios [95% CI]

Gender

 Male (n = 1,128)

reference

reference

reference

reference

 Female (n = 961)

1.2 [1.001–1.4]

0.9 [0.7–1.2]

1.15 [0.7–1.8]

1.1 [0.9–1.4]

Age group (years)

 6–11 (n = 615)

reference

reference

reference

reference

 12–17 (n = 1,474)

1.0 [0.86–1.3]

1.4 [1.05–1.85]

1.8 [1.01–3.1]

1.2 [0.9–1.6]

  1. d/m Days/month, CI Confidence interval, Significant values (p < 0.05) are emboldened