Fig. 4

Correlation analyses of headache characteristics in the MwoA and MwA patients. The size of the dot represents the absolute value of the kappa value. Symptoms of nausea and phonophobia were related to greater headache intensity, aggravation by activity, and longer course of headache in MwoA patients, but the correlation coefficient was relatively low (nausea and VAS score, κ = 0.06; nausea and aggravation by activity, κ = 0.04; nausea and course of headache, κ = 0.07; phonophobia and VAS score, κ = 0.11; phonophobia and aggravation by activity, κ = 0.11; p < 0.05) (A). The positively correlations also existed in MwA patients with relatively high correlation coefficient (nausea and VAS score, κ = 0.2; nausea and aggravation by activity, κ = 0.19; nausea and course of headache, κ = 0.15; phonophobia and VAS score, κ = 0.24; phonophobia and aggravation by activity, κ = 0.17; p < 0.05) (B). There are less correlations between triggers such as sleep disturbance, specific odor, hormones, with longer duration or higher frequency of headaches in MwoA patients (A). However, the positively correlation coefficients in MwA patients were relatively high (sleep disturbance, κ = 0.10; specific odor, κ = 0.14; hormones, κ = 0.14; p < 0.05) (B). And migraine-like headaches in MwA patients were positively correlated with longer duration of headache attack and aggravation by activity (duration, κ = 0.10; aggravation by activity, κ = 0.16) (B). Kappa values with no significant differences are not shown. T: trigger; AS: accompanying symptom; PS: premonitory symptom; MF: mitigating factor