Table 2 Comparisons of demographics and clinical characteristics between CM with and without MOH

Age, years

32.25 ± 17.96

43.25 ± 8.89

0.054

Female, n (%)

6 (50.00)

10 (83.33)

0.091

Age at onset, years

19.25 ± 12.71

21.08 ± 8.52

0.682

Disease duration, years

12.08 ± 9.28

22.17 ± 12.41

0.034*

Headache intensity^a

6.92 ± 1.24

7.58 ± 1.16

0.188

Headache frequency, days/month

18.75 ± 5.17

25.00 ± 6.74

0.018*

BMI (kg/m²)

22.09 ± 2.70

22.48 ± 4.42

0.798

MIDAs (0–270)

108.57 ± 73.51

92.17 ± 54.00

0.661

HIT-6 (36–78)

65.57 ± 6.24

59.83 ± 12.75

0.313

PHQ-9 (0–27)

9.14 ± 6.09

7.17 ± 5.19

0.546

GAD-7 (0–21)

7.29 ± 6.37

5.17 ± 4.58

0.512

PSQI (0–21)

5.86 ± 4.14

10.80 ± 3.70

0.059

MoCA (0–30)

27.57 ± 1.40

27.00 ± 2.92

0.658