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Fig. 6 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 6

From: P2X7R/NLRP3 signaling pathway-mediated pyroptosis and neuroinflammation contributed to cognitive impairment in a mouse model of migraine

Fig. 6

Inhibition of P2X7R attenuated IS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis on neurons and microglia in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. (a, d) Double immunofluorescence staining showed a reduction in CC1-positive (marker of inflammasome activation) neurons (NeuN positive) and microglia (Iba-1 positive) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of IS-BBG mice compared to IS-VEH mice. (b, e) Double immunofluorescence showed similar CC3-positive (apoptotic marker) neurons (NeuN positive) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the four groups of mice. (c, f) Double immunofluorescence staining showed a reduction in GSDMD-positive (pyroptotic marker) neurons (NeuN positive) and microglia (Iba-1 positive) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of IS-BBG mice compared to IS-VEH mice. Magnification × 100. Scale bar, 20 μm. Images were taken under identical exposures and conditions. Abbreviations: IS, inflammatory soup; CC1, cleaved caspase-1; CC3, cleaved caspase-3; GSDMD, Gasdermin D; NeuN, neuronal nuclei; Iba-1, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; BBG, brilliant blue G; VEH, vehicle

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