|
Clinical details
|
MOH + CMa patients
|
EMb patients
|
Healthy controls
|
p value
|
|---|
|
Age, years
|
46.6 ± 10.3
|
38.0 ± 14.4
|
40.8 ± 9.7
|
0.078
|
|
Sex
|
3Mc, 14Fd
|
4 M, 14 F
|
11 M, 19 F
|
0.298
|
|
Headache history, years
|
22.8 ± 8.9
|
10.8 ± 6.9
|
N/Ae
|
< 0.001
|
|
Medication-overuse duration, years
|
7.3 ± 6.4
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
|
Headache location
|
|
Right; Left; Bilateral
|
2 (11.8 %); 2 (11.8 %); 13 (76.5 %)
|
2 (11.1 %); 7 (38.9 %); 9 (50 %)
|
N/A; N/A; N/A
|
N/A; N/A; N/A
|
|
VASf
|
8.4 ± 1.4
|
8.0 ± 1.4
|
N/A
|
0.465
|
|
PHQ9
|
8.7 ± 6.7
|
2.4 ± 4.8
|
2.5 ± 2.2
|
< 0.05h
|
|
GAD-7i
|
2.9 ± 3.9
|
1.6 ± 3.6
|
2.6 ± 2.1
|
0.729
|
- a MOH + CM, medication-overuse headache + chronic migraine; b EM, episodic migraine; c M, male; d F, female; e NA, not applicable; f VAS, visual analog scale; g PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 Depression Scale; h Post-hoc analysis using LSD resulted significant difference between MOH + CM and EM with p value of 0.018, MOH + CM with HC with p value of 0.002. Meanwhile there was no significant difference between EM and HC with p value of 0.978; i GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment 7-item Scale. Data are mean ± standard deviation
