Fig. 3

Network analysis models of the interrelationships among inflammatory molecules, headache (HA), headache duration (HD), hospitalization (H) and paracetamol response (PR) in COVID-19 patients with headache (n = 48). Headache was positively correlated with serum levels of NLRP3, HMGB1, IL-6 and ACE2 and these relationships were greater than the others (A). Serum HMGB1 level was negatively correlated with paracetamol response (w = −0.71) (B). Hospitalization (w = 0.72) and headache duration (w = 0.54) were positively correlated with NLRP3 level (B). Line thickness denotes weight of the correlation, blue and red colors represent positive and negative correlations, respectively