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Table 2 Differences in pressure pain thresholds for the preictal, ictal and postictal phase compared to the interictal phase in people with migraine (dominant side)

From: Fluctuations in local and widespread mechanical sensitivity throughout the migraine cycle: a prospective longitudinal study

  

Crude

Adjusteda

Mean

95% CI

p-value

Mean

95% CI

p-value

Temporalis muscle

Interictal

181.5

159.0–201.0

N/A

163.9

70.4–257.5

N/A

Preictal

−30.7

−39.9 - -21.5

<  0.001

− 30.7

− 39.9 - -21.5

<  0.001

Ictal

−60.5

−69.7- -51.3

<  0.001

−60.5

−69.7- -51.3

<  0.001

Postictal

−16.1

− 25.3- -6.9

0.001

− 16.1

− 25.3- -6.9

0.001

Paraspinal muscles C1

Interictal

225.7

197.1–254.3

N/A

180.0

62.6–297.4

N/A

Preictal

−28.9

− 40.2- -17.5

<  0.001

− 28.9

−40.2- -17.5

<  0.001

Ictal

−61.4

−72.8- -50.1

< 0.001

− 61.4

− 72.8- -50.1

<  0.001

Postictal

−16.1

− 27.5- -4.8

0.006

−16.1

−27.5- -4.8

0.006

Upper trapezius muscle

Interictal

312.2

276.6–347.8

N/A

324.3

175.0–473.6

N/A

Preictal

−48.0

−60.5- -35.5

<  0.001

−48.0

−60.5- -35.5

<  0.001

Ictal

−80.4

−92.9- -67.9

<  0.001

−80.4

−92.9- -67.9

<  0.001

Postictal

−24.0

−36.5- -11.5

<  0.001

−24.0

36.5- -11.5

<  0.001

Extensor carpi radialis muscle

Interictal

237.5

211.6–263.3

N/A

249.1

140.2–358.1

N/A

Preictal

−12.5

−20.5- -4.4

0.003

−12.5

−20.5- -4.4

0.003

Ictal

−20.4

−28.5- -12.3

<  0.001

− 20.4

− 28.5- -12.3

<  0.001

Postictal

−12.9

−20.9- -4.8

0.002

−12.9

−20.9- -4.8

0.002

Tibialis anterior muscle

Interictal

441.4

381.0–501.8

N/A

495.5

243.0–747.9

N/A

Preictal

−30.1

−50.5- -9.6

0.005

− 30.1

−50.5- -9.6

0.005

Ictal

−47.9

−68.3- -27.4

<  0.001

−47.9

−68.3- -27.4

<  0.001

Postictal

−22.5

−42.9- -2.0

0.032

−22.5

−42.9- -2.0

0.032

  1. CI confidence interval. Mean PPT (in kPa) compared to the interictal phase; negative values mean lower PPT scores compared to the interictal phase. aAdjusted for age