From: Dural arteriovenous fistulas and headache features: an observational study
All N (%) | CCFs N (%) | Other DAVFs N (%) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N | 40 | 14 (35.0) | 26 (65.0) | |
Alcohol use | ns | |||
No | 15 (39.5) | 5 (35.7) | 10 (41.7) | |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 0 | 0 | |
Sporadic | 23 (60.5) | 9 (64.3) | 14 (58.3) | |
Missing | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
Smoking | ||||
No | 26 (68.4) | 13 (92.9) | 13 (54.2) | 0.014 |
Previous use | 9 (23.7) | 0 | 9 (37.5) | ns |
Yes | 3 (7.9) | 1 (7.1) | 2 (8.3) | ns |
Missing | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
Epilepsy | ns | |||
Yes | 3 (8.1) | 2 (15.4) | 1 (4.2) | |
No | 34 (91.9) | 11 (84.6) | 23 (95.8) | |
Missing | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
Headache | ns | |||
Yes | 12 (23.1) | 3 (23.1) | 9 (36.0) | |
No | 26 (76.9) | 10 (76.9) | 16 (64.0) | |
Missing | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Head trauma | ns | |||
Yes | 4 (10.0) | 1 (7.1) | 3 (11.5) | |
No | 36 (90.0) | 13 (92.9) | 23 (88.5) | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Stroke/TIA | ns | |||
Yes | 3 (7.5) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (3.8) | |
No | 37 (92.5) | 12 (85.7) | 25 (96.2) | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Cerebral hemorrhage | ns | |||
Yes | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.8) | |
No | 39 (97.5) | 14 (100.0) | 25 (96.2) | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Thrombosis | ns | |||
Yes | 5 (11.9) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (11.5) | |
No | 35 (88.1) | 12 (85.7) | 23 (88.5) | |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Vascular risk factors | ||||
Antiphospholipid syndrome | ns | |||
Yes | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | |
No | 23 (95.8) | 9 (100.0) | 14 (93.3) | |
Missing | 16 | 5 | 11 | |
Trombophilia | ns | |||
Yes | 1 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | |
No | 22 (95.7) | 9 (100.0) | 13 (92.9) | |
Missing | 17 | 5 | 12 |