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Table 3 Patients’ history and risk factors. (see page 7)

From: Dural arteriovenous fistulas and headache features: an observational study

 

All

N (%)

CCFs

N (%)

Other DAVFs

N (%)

p value

N

40

14 (35.0)

26 (65.0)

 

Alcohol use

ns

No

15 (39.5)

5 (35.7)

10 (41.7)

 

Yes

0 (0.0)

0

0

 

Sporadic

23 (60.5)

9 (64.3)

14 (58.3)

 

Missing

2

0

2

 

Smoking

No

26 (68.4)

13 (92.9)

13 (54.2)

0.014

Previous use

9 (23.7)

0

9 (37.5)

ns

Yes

3 (7.9)

1 (7.1)

2 (8.3)

ns

Missing

2

0

2

 

Epilepsy

ns

Yes

3 (8.1)

2 (15.4)

1 (4.2)

 

No

34 (91.9)

11 (84.6)

23 (95.8)

 

Missing

3

1

2

 

Headache

ns

Yes

12 (23.1)

3 (23.1)

9 (36.0)

 

No

26 (76.9)

10 (76.9)

16 (64.0)

 

Missing

2

1

1

 

Head trauma

ns

Yes

4 (10.0)

1 (7.1)

3 (11.5)

 

No

36 (90.0)

13 (92.9)

23 (88.5)

 

Missing

0

0

0

 

Stroke/TIA

ns

Yes

3 (7.5)

2 (14.3)

1 (3.8)

 

No

37 (92.5)

12 (85.7)

25 (96.2)

 

Missing

0

0

0

 

Cerebral hemorrhage

ns

Yes

1 (2.5)

0 (0.0)

1 (3.8)

 

No

39 (97.5)

14 (100.0)

25 (96.2)

 

Missing

0

0

0

 

Thrombosis

ns

Yes

5 (11.9)

2 (14.3)

3 (11.5)

 

No

35 (88.1)

12 (85.7)

23 (88.5)

 

Missing

0

0

0

 

Vascular risk factors

Antiphospholipid syndrome

ns

  Yes

1 (4.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (6.7)

 

  No

23 (95.8)

9 (100.0)

14 (93.3)

 

  Missing

16

5

11

 

Trombophilia

ns

  Yes

1 (4.3)

0 (0.0)

1 (7.1)

 

  No

22 (95.7)

9 (100.0)

13 (92.9)

 

  Missing

17

5

12

 
  1. Abbreviations: CCFs carotid-cavernous fistulas; DAVFs dural arteriovenous fistulas; TIA transient ischemic attack; ns not significant