Table 1 Distribution of survey respondents according to different variables (n = 1018)
No. (%) | |
|---|---|
Age (years) | |
< 20 | 38(3.7%) |
20–40 | 733(72%) |
40–60 | 235(23.1%) |
> 60 | 12 (1.2%) |
Gender | |
Female | 858 (84.3%) |
Male | 160 (15.7%) |
Occupation | |
Full-time job | 526 (51.7%) |
I don’t work | 208 (20.4%) |
Student | 116 (11.4%) |
Part-time job | 107 (10.5%) |
Retired | 61 (6%) |
Marital status | |
Married | 629 (61.8%) |
Single | 324 (31.8%) |
Divorced | 55 (5.4%) |
Widow | 4 (0.4%) |
Other | 6 (0.6%) |
Education | |
High school | 456 (44.8%) |
Primary school or less | 282 (27.7%) |
University | 280 (27.5%) |
Disease onset (years) | |
Mean ± SD. | 9.8 ± 8.3 |
Median (Min. – Max.) | 7 (1–46) |
Increase in Migraine severity | 653 (64.1%) |
Increase in Migraine frequency | 607 (59.6%) |
Degree of severity increase | |
Did not increase | 365 (35.9%) |
Moderate increase | 357 (35.1%) |
Significant increase | 231 (22.7%) |
Slight increase | 65 (6.4%) |
Migraine days (before pandemic) | |
Mean ± SD. | 5.7 ± 5.5 |
Median (Min. – Max.) | 4 (0–30) |
Migraine days (during pandemic) | |
Mean ± SD. | 8 ± 7.1 |
Median (Min. – Max.) | 5 (0–30) |
Decrease in migraine days | 163 (16%) |
Medication overuse | 597 (58.7%) |
Compliance to migraine treatment | 477 (46.9%) |
Difficulty in getting medications | 256 (25.1%) |
Emergency department visit | 228 (22.4%) |
Chronification of migraine during pandemic | 105 (10.3%) |
Communication with treating physician | |
Did not contact for the duration of the pandemic | 626 (61.5%) |
Visiting the doctor / hospital | 136 (13.4%) |
Telephone | 100 (9.8%) |
Social media | 98 (9.6%) |
Other | 38(3.7%) |
Telemedicine clinics | 20 (2%) |
Worries and concerns during pandemic | |
Infection with COVID-19 | 571 (56.1%) |
Increase migraine severity and/or frequency | 445 (43.7%) |
Unavailability of medications | 174 (17.1%) |
Social, financial and family problems | 175 (17.1%) |
Losing their jobs | 50 (4.9%) |
Other concerns | 136 (13.4%) |
Sleep disturbance | 794 (78.1%) |
Increase screen time exposure | 905 (88.9%) |
Symptoms of anxiety and/or depression | 809 (79.5%) |
Eating habits disturbance | 593 (58.3%) |
Working during pandemic | 465 (45.7%) |
Use of alternative/ traditional medicine | 406 (39.9%) |
Lack of regular exercise | 812 (79.7%) |
Negative effect of Botox injection cancellation | |
No | 77 (33.9%) |
Yes | 150 (66.1%) |
COVID-19 infection | 41 (4%) |
Headache worsening during COVID-19 infection | |
No | 15 (36.6%) |
Yes | 26 (63.4%) |