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Table 3 Frequency of associated symptoms in the entire sample and the comparison between patients with and without headache

From: Factors associated with the presence of headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and impact on prognosis: a retrospective cohort study

Variable

All patients (n = 576)

Headache (n = 137)

No Headache (n = 439)

Adjusted p-value

Anosmia

146 (25.3%)

64 (46.7%)

82 (18.7%)

< 0.001

Arthralgia

35 (6.1%)

18 (13.1%)

17 (3.9%)

< 0.001

Asthenia

242 (42.1%)

70 (51.1%)

172 (39.2%)

0.014

Chest pain

99 (17.2%)

33 (24.1%)

66 (15.1%)

0.015

Cough

403 (70.2%)

113 (82.5%)

290 (66.2%)

< 0.001

Cutaneous rash

11 (1.9%)

4 (2.9%)

7 (1.6%)

0.322

Diarrhea

192 (33.4%)

54 (39.4%)

138 (31.4%)

0.084

Dyspnea

292 (50.8%)

73 (53.3%)

219 (49.9%)

0.487

Expectoration

90 (15.7%)

24 (17.5%)

66 (15.0%)

0.484

Fever

462 (80.3%)

121 (88.3%)

341 (77.7%)

0.006

Lightheadedness

60 (10.4%)

19 (13.9%)

41 (9.3%)

0.001

Myalgia

139 (24.1%)

55 (40.1%)

85 (19.1%)

< 0.001

Odynophagia

60 (10.4%)

22 (16.1%)

38 (9.7%)

0.892

Rhinorrhea

12 (2.1%)

2 (1.5%)

10 (2.3%)

0.558

Syncope

43 (7.5%)

9 (6.6%)

34 (7.7%)

0.648

Vomiting

47 (8.2%)

11 (8%)

136 (8.2%)

0.949

Weakness

90 (15.7%)

26 (19.0%)

64 (14.6%)

0.216

  1. In bold, variables that were statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons (threshold p < 0.0029)