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Fig. 2 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 2

From: P2X7 receptors exert a permissive effect on the activation of presynaptic AMPA receptors in rat trigeminal caudal nucleus glutamatergic nerve terminals

Fig. 2

Effects of AMPA on basal and 12 mM [K+]e-evoked [3H]D-ASP release from rat TCN synaptosomes. a Effects of AMPA and antagonism by NBQX. Synaptosomes were prepared as previously described, and perfused for 37 min with standard medium. From min 38 through min 41, perfusion was carried out with standard medium containing 100 μM AMPA or depolarizing medium plus 100 μM AMPA. When used, the antagonist NBQX (10 μM) was added to the medium 8 min before AMPA. Each point represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 3–4 different experiments, each run in triplicate. b Cyclothiazide-sensitivity. The AMPA receptor desensitization inhibitor cyclothiazide (CTZ) (10 μM) was added concomitantly with AMPA (0.1–300 μM) to the depolarizing medium. The effects of the drugs on evoked release are expressed as percentage increases over values observed in the presence of the depolarizing stimulus alone. Data are means ± SEM of 3 experiments, each run in triplicate. *P < 0.05 vs [K+]e-evoked [3H]D-ASP release

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