Table 1 Baseline characteristics between cluster headache patients and controls
From: The impact of remission and coexisting migraine on anxiety and depression in cluster headache
| Â | Control | CH | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without migraine | With migraine | Without migraine | With migraine | Â | |
Variable | (n = 63) | (n = 36) | (n = 191) | (n = 31) | P |
Age, years | 37.6 ± 10.2 | 34.8 ± 7.4 | 38.3 ± 11.1 | 37.2 ± 8.1 | 0.312 |
Female sex, n (%) | 11 (17.5) | 6 (16.7) | 26 (13.6) | 9 (29.0) | 0.188 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 20 (31.7) | 13 (36.1) | 89 (46.6) | 7 (22.6) | 0.025 |
Alcohol drinking, n (%) | 42 (66.7) | 15 (41.7) | 98 (51.3) | 10 (32.3) | 0.008 |
GAD-7 score | 2.7 ± 3.0 | 6.2 ± 4.6 | 7.7 ± 5.5 | 9.7 ± 6.9 | < 0.001 |
Anxiety, n (%) |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 None/minimal (GAD-7: 0–4) | 50 (79.4) | 15 (41.7) | 63 (33.0) | 9 (29.0) |  |
 Mild (GAD-7: 5–9) | 11 (17.5) | 13 (36.1) | 59 (30.9) | 6 (19.4) |  |
 Moderate-to-severe (GAD-7 ≥ 10) | 2 (3.2) | 8 (22.2) | 69 (36.1) | 16 (51.6) |  |
PHQ-9 score | 3.1 ± 3.1 | 6.6 ± 5.2 | 7.4 ± 6.1 | 9.4 ± 7.7 | < 0.001 |
Depression, n (%) |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 None/minimal (PHQ-9: 0–4) | 48 (76.2) | 17 (47.2) | 77 (40.3) | 13 (41.9) |  |
 Mild (PHQ-9: 5–9) | 12 (19.0) | 10 (27.8) | 51 (26.7) | 4 (12.9) |  |
 Moderate-to-severe (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) | 3 (4.8) | 9 (25.0) | 63 (33.0) | 14 (45.2) |  |