Cognitive aging in migraine sufferers is associated with more subjective complaints but similar age-related decline: a 5-year longitudinal study

Table 4 Mixed-repeated measures ANCOVA to analyse the main effects of change (within subjects condition) x headache diagnosis (between subjects condition), after controlling for possible confounders (age, gender and depressive symptoms)

	WoH		NMH		MH		Mixed-repeated measures ANCOVA
	B	FU	B	FU	B	FU	Mixed-repeated measures ANCOVA
							Change^a		Head. Diag.^b		Change x Head. Diag.		Change x gender		Change x age		Change x GDS
							F	P	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
EXECUTIVE SCORE	0.1 ± 1.1	0.03 ± 0.9	−0.5 ± 1.2	−0.1 ± 0.9	−0.7 ± 1.5	− 0.1 ± 1.0	0.301	0.584	3.706	0.026	4.094	0.018	1.068	0.302	0.182	0.670	0.815	0.367
Food Fluency	0.8 ± 1.5	0.7 ± 1.6	0.6 ± 1.6	0.5 ± 1.8	0.3 ± 1.6	0.5 ± 1.5	4.532	0.034	2.500	0.084	0.053	0.948	1.148	0.285	5.921	0.016	0.006	0.936
Animals Fluency	0.2 ± 1.0	0.1 ± 1.1	0.3 ± 1.1	0.2 ± 0.8	0.2 ± 0.9	0.1 ± 0.9	0.005	0.946	0.282	0.755	0.032	0.968	0.354	0.552	0.190	0.663	0.050	0.823
Letter “P” Fluency	−0.2 ± 1.0	−0.1 ± 1.0	0.2 ± 1.5	0.1 ± 0.9	−0.01 ± 1.0	− 0.4 ± 0.9	0.000	0.996	2.098	0.125	1.645	0.195	0.795	0.373	0.002	0.961	6.787	0.010
TMT A	−0.04 ± 1.1	− 0.3 ± 1.5	− 0.7 ± 1.7	−0.9 ± 2.0	−1.3 ± 2.1	− 0.7 ± 1.2	3.114	0.079	3.773	0.024	3.845	0.023	0.006	0.937	2.994	0.085	0.235	0.628
TMT B	−0.1 ± 1.5	−0.2 ± 1.5	−1.0 ± 1.7	− 0.8 ± 1.1	−1.0 ± 1.5	−0.7 ± 1.5	3.505	0.063	3.796	0.024	1.314	0.271	0.020	0.888	2.190	0.140	6.449	0.012
MEMORY SCORE	0.1 ± 0.8	−0.1 ± 1.0	0.01 ± 0.9	−0.2 ± 1.1	0.2 ± 0.9	0.2 ± 1.1	17.877	< 0.00001	0.398	0.672	0.372	0.690	1.719	0.191	17.556	< 0.00001	1.646	0.201

Figures in the descriptive statistics part of the table represent zscores
B baseline, FU follow-up, MH migraine headache, NMH non migraine headache, TMT Trail Making Test, WoH without headache
Significance set at p < 0.05
^awithin-subjects condition
^bbetween-subject condition

ISSN: 1129-2377