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Table 1 Basic characteristics of participants in the present study

From: Diffusion tensor imaging in middle-aged headache sufferers in the general population: a cross-sectional population-based imaging study in the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT-MRI)

Variables Headache status
  Any headache in HUNT3 Migraine in HUNT3 TTH in HUNT3 Previous headache New onset headache Persistent headache Headache free
  n = 246 n = 69 n = 76 n = 117 n = 49 n = 178 n = 277
Demographics
 Women (n [%] {missing})1 153*** [62.2] {0} 53*** [76.8] {0} 42* [55.3] {0} 70*** [59.8] {0} 25 [51.0] {0} 117*** [65.7] {0} 109 [39.4] {0}
 Age (mean [SD] {missing})2 58.0* [4.1] {0} 57.5* [4.3] {0} 57.9 [4.0] {0} 58.5 [4.1] {0} 58.6 [4.6] {0} 57.7** [4.1] {0} 58.7 [4.1] {0}
 Education > 12 years (n [%] {missing})3 75 [30.5] {0} 22 [31.9] {0} 25 [32.9] {0} 41 [35.0] {0} 13 [26.5] {0} 59 [33.1] {0} 102 [36.8] {0}
Health-related
 BMI (mean [SD] {missing})4 26.7 [4.0] {1} 26.5 [4.2] {0} 27.0 [4.3] {0} 26.8 [3.8] {0} 27.1 [3.8] {1} 26.4 [4.0] {0} 26.9 [3.5] {0}
 SBP (mean [SD] {missing})4 132.2 [18.3] {4} 132.1 [18.8] {1} 132.4 [18.0] {1} 131.3 [17.5] {0} 136.1 [19.5] {1} 131.3 [18.4] {3} 130.1 [15.7] {1}
 DBP (mean [SD] {missing}) 4 76.7 [11.8] {3} 75.4 [12.1] {1} 77.4 [11.2] {0} 74.5 [10.3 ] {0} 78.3 [12.7] {1} 75.9 [11.8] {2} 76.1 [10.3] {1}
 Non-fasting glucose (mean [SD] {missing})4 5.5 [1.2] {6} 5.3 [0.6] {3} 5.6 [1.4] {2} 5.7 [1.4] {12} 5.6 [1.4] {0} 5.4 [1.1] {4} 5.6 [1.8] {13}
 Cholesterol (mean [SD] {missing})4 5.8 [1.0] {6} 5.8 [1.2] {3} 5.8 [1.0] {2} 5.7 [1.0] {12} 5.8 [0.9] {0} 5.8 [1.1] {4} 5.7 [1.0] {13}
 Daily smoking (n [%] {missing})3 38 [15.4] {0} 15 [21.7] {0} 11 [14.5] {0} 16 [13.7] {0} 7 [14.3] {0} 29 [16.3] {0} 41 [14.8] {0}
 HADS total score (mean [SD] {missing})4 7.8*** [5.9] {1} 8.0** [5.8] {0} 7.7** [5.9] {0} 5.9 [4.5] {0} 7.3 [5.6] {0} 8.2*** [6.1] {1} 6.0 [4.9] {3}
 Chronic pain last 6 months (n [%] {missing})3 137*** [56.7] {3} 38** [55.1] {1} 46*** [60.5] {0} 49 [41.9] {3} 25* [51] {0} 105*** [59.0] {3} 91 [32.9] {4}
 Consuming alcohol ≥1/week (n [%] {missing})3 108** [43.9] {4} 27** [39.1] {2} 43 [56.6] {0} 67 [57.3] {1} 25 [51.0] {2} 73*** [41.0] {2} 163 [58.8] {0}
 Painkillers ≥1/week (n [%] {missing})3 170*** [69.1] {4} 53*** [76.8] {0} 50*** [65.8] {1} 53*** [45.3] {2} 30*** [61.2] {0} 130*** [73.0] {4} 70 [25.3] {5}
  1. *P < 0.05 (compared to headache free)
  2. **P < 0.01 (compared to headache free)
  3. ***P < 0.001 (compared to headache free)
  4. 1Chi-square test; 2 Independent t-test; 3 Binary logistic regression; 4 Analysis of Co-Variance
  5. n Number of individuals, SD Standard Deviation, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
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The Journal of Headache and Pain

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