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Table 1 Basic characteristics of participants in the present study

From: Diffusion tensor imaging in middle-aged headache sufferers in the general population: a cross-sectional population-based imaging study in the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT-MRI)

Variables

Headache status

 

Any headache in HUNT3

Migraine in HUNT3

TTH in HUNT3

Previous headache

New onset headache

Persistent headache

Headache free

 

n = 246

n = 69

n = 76

n = 117

n = 49

n = 178

n = 277

Demographics

 Women (n [%] {missing})1

153*** [62.2] {0}

53*** [76.8] {0}

42* [55.3] {0}

70*** [59.8] {0}

25 [51.0] {0}

117*** [65.7] {0}

109 [39.4] {0}

 Age (mean [SD] {missing})2

58.0* [4.1] {0}

57.5* [4.3] {0}

57.9 [4.0] {0}

58.5 [4.1] {0}

58.6 [4.6] {0}

57.7** [4.1] {0}

58.7 [4.1] {0}

 Education > 12 years (n [%] {missing})3

75 [30.5] {0}

22 [31.9] {0}

25 [32.9] {0}

41 [35.0] {0}

13 [26.5] {0}

59 [33.1] {0}

102 [36.8] {0}

Health-related

 BMI (mean [SD] {missing})4

26.7 [4.0] {1}

26.5 [4.2] {0}

27.0 [4.3] {0}

26.8 [3.8] {0}

27.1 [3.8] {1}

26.4 [4.0] {0}

26.9 [3.5] {0}

 SBP (mean [SD] {missing})4

132.2 [18.3] {4}

132.1 [18.8] {1}

132.4 [18.0] {1}

131.3 [17.5] {0}

136.1 [19.5] {1}

131.3 [18.4] {3}

130.1 [15.7] {1}

 DBP (mean [SD] {missing}) 4

76.7 [11.8] {3}

75.4 [12.1] {1}

77.4 [11.2] {0}

74.5 [10.3 ] {0}

78.3 [12.7] {1}

75.9 [11.8] {2}

76.1 [10.3] {1}

 Non-fasting glucose (mean [SD] {missing})4

5.5 [1.2] {6}

5.3 [0.6] {3}

5.6 [1.4] {2}

5.7 [1.4] {12}

5.6 [1.4] {0}

5.4 [1.1] {4}

5.6 [1.8] {13}

 Cholesterol (mean [SD] {missing})4

5.8 [1.0] {6}

5.8 [1.2] {3}

5.8 [1.0] {2}

5.7 [1.0] {12}

5.8 [0.9] {0}

5.8 [1.1] {4}

5.7 [1.0] {13}

 Daily smoking (n [%] {missing})3

38 [15.4] {0}

15 [21.7] {0}

11 [14.5] {0}

16 [13.7] {0}

7 [14.3] {0}

29 [16.3] {0}

41 [14.8] {0}

 HADS total score (mean [SD] {missing})4

7.8*** [5.9] {1}

8.0** [5.8] {0}

7.7** [5.9] {0}

5.9 [4.5] {0}

7.3 [5.6] {0}

8.2*** [6.1] {1}

6.0 [4.9] {3}

 Chronic pain last 6 months (n [%] {missing})3

137*** [56.7] {3}

38** [55.1] {1}

46*** [60.5] {0}

49 [41.9] {3}

25* [51] {0}

105*** [59.0] {3}

91 [32.9] {4}

 Consuming alcohol ≥1/week (n [%] {missing})3

108** [43.9] {4}

27** [39.1] {2}

43 [56.6] {0}

67 [57.3] {1}

25 [51.0] {2}

73*** [41.0] {2}

163 [58.8] {0}

 Painkillers ≥1/week (n [%] {missing})3

170*** [69.1] {4}

53*** [76.8] {0}

50*** [65.8] {1}

53*** [45.3] {2}

30*** [61.2] {0}

130*** [73.0] {4}

70 [25.3] {5}

  1. *P < 0.05 (compared to headache free)
  2. **P < 0.01 (compared to headache free)
  3. ***P < 0.001 (compared to headache free)
  4. 1Chi-square test; 2 Independent t-test; 3 Binary logistic regression; 4 Analysis of Co-Variance
  5. n Number of individuals, SD Standard Deviation, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale