Table 5 Associations between medical consultation and indices of symptom severity
From: Health-care utilization for headache disorders in Nepal: a population-based door-to-door survey
Index | Overall | Specialist consultation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
OR (95% CI) | p | AOR a (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | AOR a (95% CI) | p | |
Headache frequency (d/m) | ||||||||
 < 1 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
 1–2 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.18 | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.17 | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.025 | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.023 |
 3–14 | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) | < 0.001 | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | < 0.001 | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.14 | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.12 |
 ≥ 15 | 2.7 (1.8–3.9) | < 0.001 | 2.6 (1.8–3.9) | < 0.001 | 2.2 (1.3–3.6) | 0.002 | 2.1 (1.3–3.5) | 0.004 |
Attack duration (hours) | ||||||||
 < 4 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
 4–12 | 2.0 (1.6–2.6) | < 0.001 | 2.1 (1.6–2.6) | < 0.001 | 1.5 (0.9–2.3) | 0.13 | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) | 0.14 |
 > 12 | 3.1 (2.5–4.3) | < 0.001 | 3.3 (2.3–4.1) | < 0.001 | 1.5 (0.9–2.2) | 0.087 | 1.4 (0.9–2.4) | 0.10 |
Headache intensity | ||||||||
 Mild | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
 Moderate | 2.5 (2.0–3.2) | < 0.001 | 2.5 (2.0–3.2) | < 0.001 | 1.3 (0.8–2.3) | 0.30 | 1.3 (0.8–2.3) | 0.31 |
 Severe | 3.8 (2.9–5.1) | < 0.001 | 3.6 (2.7–4.8) | < 0.001 | 2.6 (1.5–4.5) | 0.001 | 2.7 (1.3–4.7) | < 0.001 |
Proportion of time in ictal state (pT) (%) | ||||||||
 < 1 | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – | Reference | – |
 1–2 | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 0.012 | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 0.014 | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.92 | 1.0 (0.5–1.7) | 0.95 |
 2.1–8 | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 0.001 | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | 0.001 | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 0.023 | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.021 |
 > 8 | 2.8 (2.2–3.5) | < 0.001 | 2.9 (2.3–3.7) | < 0.001 | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 0.094 | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 0.13 |