Practical and clinical utility of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) for the acute treatment of migraine: a post hoc analysis of the randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind PRESTO trial

Table 1 Summary of Clinical Utility Outcomes at 120 Minutes After Treatment Initiation (Double-blind and Open-label Periods)

End Point	Pain Intensity at Treatment Initiation	Double-blind Period		Open-label Period
End Point	Pain Intensity at Treatment Initiation	nVNS	Sham	nVNS
First Attack
% ≥1-point pain improvement	–	46.8**	26.2	42.9
% without rescue medication	–	59.3*	41.9	49.1
% pain-free response	Mild	50.0*	25.0	56.9
	Moderate	20.4	22.2	14.8
	Severe	19.2	16.7	23.3
All Attacks
% ≥1-point pain improvement	–	39.4**	26.4	41.8
% without rescue medication	–	52.3**	37.3	49.7
% pain-free response	Mild	46.7*	30.1	48.6
	Moderate	17.1	16.1	13.8
	Severe	12.2	10.3	14.6

ISSN: 1129-2377