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Table 2 Job burden, depression, anxiety, and stress profiles in patients with cluster headache, patients with migraine or TTH, and controls among patients with current job

From: Impact of cluster headache on employment status and job burden: a prospective cross-sectional multicenter study

 

Cluster headache (n = 132)

Migraine or TTH

(n = 36)

Controlsa

(n = 52)

P-value

Any difficulty at work

112 (84.8)

23 (63.9)

19 (36.5)

< 0.001

 Fail to get or lose job

4 (3)

1 (2.8)

7 (13.5)

0.029

 Changed job

3 (2.3)

0

4 (7.7)

0.083

 Promotion disadvantage

0

1 (2.8)

2 (3.8)

0.093

 Voluntary resignation

10 (7.6)

0

6 (11.5)

0.036

 Reduced ability

80 (60.6)

12 (33.3)

6 (11.5)

< 0.001

 Low participation

48 (36.4)

5 (13.9)

3 (5.8)

< 0.001

 Sick absence

52 (39.4)

5 (13.9)

2 (3.8)

< 0.001

PHQ-9

7.4 ± 6.4

6.2 ± 5.3

2.6 ± 2.5

< 0.001

GAD-7

7.3 ± 5.3

5.7 ± 4.3

1.9 ± 2.2

< 0.001

PSS-4

6.5 ± 2.9

6.4 ± 3.5

5.3 ± 2.2

0.022

  1. TTH tension-type headache, GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Dirorder-7, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PSS-4 Perceived Stress Scale-4
  2. aAny difficulty at work was generally assessed in the controls; Data was presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation