Included studies | Country | Groups (n) | Gender female/male | Age | Headache days during baseline | Stimulation location | Parameters | Device/manufacturer | Duration and frequency | Adverse events | ITT | Outcomes (Assessment Tool) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Li et al. 2017 | China | EG = 31 CG = 31 | EG 28/3 CG 2/29 | EG = 35.9 ± 10.6 CG = 37.1 ± 11.4 | EG = 7.6 ± 3.7 CG = 7.2 ± 3.3 | Bilateral Taiyang acupoints. (trigeminal nerve indirectly) | EG: frequency 2/100 Hz; CG: deliver no electrical stimulation | LH202H Han Electrostimulator, Jinghua Wei Industry Development Company, Beijing, China | 5 times weekly for 12 weeks | No | Yes | Change in monthly migraine days, migraine attacks, headache days and acute antimigraine drug intake between run-in and third month of treatment |
Schoenen et al. 2013 | Belgium | EG = 34 CG = 33 | EG 31/3 CG 30/3 | EG = 34.6 ± 11.0 CG = 39.1 ± 9.9 | EG = 7.8 ± 4.0 CG = 6.7 ± 2.6 | Bilateral supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves | EG: biphasic rectangular impulses, pulse width 250 μs, frequency 60 Hz, intensity 16 mA; CG: pulse width 30 μs, frequency 1 Hz, intensity 1 mA | Cefaly, STX-Med., Herstal, Belgium | 20 min daily for 3 months | No | Yes | Change in monthly migraine days, 50%response rate, change in monthly migraine attacks, headache days, mean headache severity per migraine day, acute antimigraine drug use between run-in and third month of treatment; satisfaction |
Silberstein et al. 2016 | USA | EG = 30 CG = 29 | EG 26/4 CG 27/2 | EG = 40.5 ± 14.2 CG = 38.8 ± 11.1 | EG = 20.8 ± 5.0 CG = 22.3 ± 4.9 | Vagus nerve | EG: voltage peak 24 V, maximum current of 60 mA; CG: deliver no electrical stimulation | GammaCore®, electroCore, LLC, Basking Ridge, NJ | Two 2-min 3 times a day for 8 months | EG: 12 AEs CG: 8 AEs | Yes | Safety and tolerability, Change of headache days per 28 days, 75% response rate, 50%response rate, acute medication use |
Liu et al. 2017 | China | EG = 66 CG = 22 | EG 52/14 CG 18/4 | EG = 37.6 ± 10.4 CG = 44.3 ± 8.3 | EG = 11.5 ± 7.2 CG = 9.9 ± 3.9 | Bilateral occipital nerves | EG: intensity 10 mA Group A 2 Hz, Group B 100 Hz, Group C 2/100 Hz CG: deliver no electrical stimulation | HANS-200A machine, JiSheng Medical Technology Limited Company, China | 30 min daily for 1 month | EG: Group A 1 AE | Yes | 50% responder rate, changes in headache days monthly, headache intensity (measured using the VAS), headache duration, scores on SDS、SAS、HIT-6, percentage of satisfaction |