| |
Not Overusing Medication n = 11,542
|
Overusing Medication n = 2107
|
Total Sample n = 13,649
|
Chi
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Sex
|
|
Men
|
3074 (26.6)
|
621 (29.5)
|
3695 (27.1)
|
7.136
|
0.008
|
|
Women
|
8468 (73.4)
|
1486 (70.5)
|
9954 (72.9)
| | |
|
Ageb, years (mean ± SD)
|
43.0 ± 13.6
|
45.8 ± 13.2
|
43.41 ± 13.62
|
8.891
|
< 0.001
|
|
Age group, years
|
|
18–24
|
899 (7.8)
|
80 (3.8)
|
979 (7.2)
|
96.346
|
< 0.001
|
|
25–34
|
2831 (24.5)
|
409 (19.4)
|
3240 (23.7)
| | |
|
35–44
|
2775 (24.0)
|
518 (24.6)
|
3293 (24.1)
| | |
|
45–54
|
2566 (22.2)
|
546 (25.9)
|
3112 (22.8)
| | |
|
55–64
|
1572 (13.6)
|
348 (16.5)
|
1920 (14.1)
| | |
|
65–74
|
815 (7.1)
|
184 (8.7)
|
999 (7.3)
| | |
|
75+
|
84 (0.7)
|
22 (1.0)
|
106 (0.8)
| | |
|
Married
|
|
No
|
5261 (45.7)
|
867 (41.4)
|
6128 (45.1)
|
13.436
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
6245 (54.3)
|
1229 (58.6)
|
7474 (54.9)
| | |
|
Race
|
|
Non-Caucasian
|
2091 (18.2)
|
361 (17.2)
|
2452 (18.1)
|
1.166
|
0.280
|
|
Caucasian
|
9379 (81.8)
|
1736 (82.8)
|
11,115 (81.9)
| | |
|
Household income, $
|
|
< 25,000
|
1254 (11.2)
|
292 (14.2)
|
1546 (11.6)
|
17.025
|
0.002
|
|
25,000–49,999
|
2422 (21.6)
|
444 (21.6)
|
2866 (21.6)
| | |
|
50,000–74,999
|
2493 (22.2)
|
437 (21.3)
|
2930 (22.1)
| | |
|
75,000–99,999
|
1986 (17.7)
|
363 (17.7)
|
2349 (17.7)
| | |
|
≥ 100,000
|
3070 (27.3)
|
516 (25.1)
|
3586 (27.0)
| | |
|
Education, ≥4-year college degree
|
|
No
|
4612 (40.0)
|
1018 (48.3)
|
5630 (41.2)
|
51.000
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
6930 (60.0)
|
1089 (51.7)
|
8019 (58.8)
| | |
|
BMIb, kg/m2 (mean ± SD)
|
28.1 ± 7.4
|
28.9 ± 8.5
|
28.3 ± 7.6
|
4.380
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI category
|
|
Underweight
|
329 (2.9)
|
94 (4.5)
|
423 (3.1)
|
44.240
|
< 0.001
|
|
Normal
|
4154 (36.0)
|
645 (30.6)
|
4799 (35.2)
| | |
|
Overweight
|
3387 (29.3)
|
588 (27.9)
|
3975 (29.1)
| | |
|
Obese
|
3672 (31.8)
|
780 (37.0)
|
4452 (32.6)
| | |
|
Health insurance
|
|
No
|
945 (8.2)
|
184 (8.7)
|
1129 (8.3)
|
0.628
|
0.428
|
|
Yes
|
10,597 (91.8)
|
1923 (91.3)
|
12,520 (91.7)
| | |
|
Psychological symptomsc
|
|
No
|
9210 (79.8)
|
1275 (60.5)
|
10,485 (76.8)
|
370.957
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
2332 (20.2)
|
832 (39.5)
|
3164 (23.2)
| | |
|
Current smoker
|
|
No
|
10,387 (90.0)
|
1718 (81.5)
|
12,105 (88.7)
|
126.127
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
1155 (10.0)
|
389 (18.5)
|
1544 (11.3)
| | |
- SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index
- aValues are n (%) unless otherwise indicated
- bDetermined by t test
- cAnxiety and/or depression, as determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4)
