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Table 6 Studies on LEP-habituation in migraine

From: Habituation of laser-evoked potentials by migraine phase: a blinded longitudinal study

Author

Aim/ habituation measure

 

♀

♂

Age

Incl

Excl

Freq

Blinding

Laser

Intensity

Block

Stim

ISI

IBI

Comp

Sites

Main habituation resultsa

Valeriani 2003 (17)

Habituation/

% change

Mig:

14

10

33.7 Â± 8.2

NR

NR

NR

NR/NR

CO2

2.5 Ã— STh

3

15–30b

8–12

5 m

N1 N2P2

Bilateral hands and facec

N1 hand: CO↘ Mig→

10.6 Î¼m

N1 face: CO â†’ Mig→

CO:

17

11

32.5 Â± 6.4

NR

NR

2 mm

N2P2 hand: CO↘ > Mig↘

10 ms

N2P2 face: CO↘ Mig→

de Tommaso 2005 (19)

Habituation/

ANOVA

Mig:

9

5

22–53

NR

NR

NR

NR/NR

CO2

7.5 W

3

21

10

10s

N2P2

Rigth supraorbital

N2P2 face: CO↘ Mig→

10.6 Î¼m

CO:

7

3

21–50

NR

NR

2.5 mm

20 ms

de Tommaso 2005 (21)

Interictal-ictal habituation/

ANOVA

Mig:

14

0

18–40

NR

NR

9.4 Â± 4.6

NR/Yes

CO2

7.5 W

3

20

10

10s

N2P2

Bilateral hands and supraorbital

N2P2 hand: CO↘ > Mig→

10.6 Î¼m

CO:

10

0

22–36

NR

NR

2.5 mm

N2P2 face: CO↘ > Mig→

20 ms

de Tommaso 2009 (18)

Pre-menstrual habituation/

Ratio

Mig:

9

0

26 Â± 6.8

Outp

11

4 Â± 2.94

NR/Yes

CO2

7.5 W

3

20

10–15

5 m

N2P2

Right hand and supraorbital

N2P2 hand: CO > Mig

10.6 Î¼m

CO:

10

0

26.8 Â± 5.3

Hosp staff

15

2 mm

N2P2 face: CO > Mig

25 ms

Di Clemente 2013 (20)

Interventiond

/ % change

Mig:

9

4

38.5 Â± 12.0

NR

9

5.8 Â± 2.2

NR/Yes

Nd:YAP

2.5 Ã— STh

3

15

10

5 m

N1 N2P2

Right hand and supraorbital

N1 hand: CO > Mig

NR

N1 face: CO > Mig

CO:

10

5

30.9 Â± 5.7

NR

0

NR

N2P2 hand: CO = Mig

NR

N2P2 face: CO = Mig

Vecchio 2016 (22)

Interventione/ % change

Mig:

23

9

35.5 Â± 10

NR

1

6 Â± 2.5

NR/Yes

CO2

PTh + 1 W

3

7

10

10s

N2P2

Right hand and supraorbital

N2P2 hand: CO > Mig

10.6 Î¼m

CO:

12

4

36.0 Â± 11

NR

0

2 mm

N2P2 face: CO > Mig

25 ms

Uglem 2017

Habituation

by phase/

Multilevel mixed mod.

Mig:

41

8

40 Â± 10

Adv

Yesf

4g

Yes/Yes

Nd:YAP

3–5.5 J

2

21

6–10

10s

N1 N2P2

Right hand

N1 hand: CO â†’ =Mig→

1.34 Î¼m

CO:

25

5

38 Â± 11

Adv

8 mm

N2P2 hand: CO↘ = Mig↘

6 ms

  1. ♀: number of females. ♂: number of males. Age is presented in mean ± SD or range. Incl: inclution/method of recruitment. Excl: number of exclusions. Freq: migraine attack frequency in mean ± SD days/monts. Blinding: blinding of investigators during examination/blinding of investigators during LEP-analysis. Laser: Type of laser, wavelength, beam diameter and stimulus duration. Block: number of blocks. Stim: number of stimuli per block. ISI: interstimuli interval in seconds. IBI: interblock interval. Comp: analyzed LEP-components. Mig: migraine. CO: control. NR: not reported. Outp: outpatients. Hosp staff: hospital staff. Adv: recruited by advertisement. STh: sensory threshold. PTh: pain threshold. ↘: habituation present. →: no significant habituation. >: increased habituation in the control group compared to the migraineur group. =: no significant difference in habituation between the groups
  2. aOnly results regarding habituation of N1 and/or N2P2-amplitudes are shown. The studies differ in how they analyzed habituation as some reported habituation in each group separately (results indicated by ↘ or →), some reported comparisons between groups (results indicated by > or =), and some reported both. Valeriani 2003 (17) reported both results for N2P2 hand, but not for the other amplitudes.
  3. bThree blocks with 15 stimuli at each side of the face and three blocks with 30 stimuli at each hand.
  4. cData were collected from three centers that stimulated two different face regions. The perioral region was stimulated in all migraineurs and 17 of the control subjects, while the supraorbital region was stimulated in 13 controls. The reported number of controls from each center does not add up to the reported total of 28 controls.
  5. dThe study examined the effect of topiramate on LEPs.
  6. eThe study investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation of the left primary motor cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on LEPs.
  7. fExclutions and dropouts are presented in Additional file 1: Table S1.
  8. gFrequency was recorded in blocks. The three blocks 1–3, 4–7 and 8–14 days/month contained 14, 30 and 5 migraineurs, respectively.
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The Journal of Headache and Pain

ISSN: 1129-2377

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