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Table 3 Association between migraine and PTSD a during pregnancy (N = 2922) stratified by depression status

From: Migraine and the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder among a cohort of pregnant women

Migraine

Without Depression

No PTSD

(N = 1587)

PTSD

(N = 507)

n

%

n

%

Unadjusted OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI) b

Adjusted OR

(95% CI) c

No migraine

1191

75.0

297

58.6

Reference

Reference

Reference

Any migraine

396

25.0

210

41.4

2.13 (1.72–2.62)

1.99 (1.61–2.46)

1.93 (1.55–2.40)

Types of migraine

       

 No migraine

1191

75.0

297

58.6

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Probable migraine

286

18.0

129

25.4

1.81 (1.42–2.31)

1.67 (1.31–2.15)

1.62 (1.25–2.08)

 Migraine

110

6.9

81

16.0

2.95 (2.16–4.04)

2.81 (2.04–3.86)

2.76 (1.99–3.82)

Migraine

With Depression

No PTSD

(N = 224)

PTSD

(N = 575)

n

%

n

%

Unadjusted OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted OR

(95% CI) b

Adjusted OR

(95% CI) c

No migraine

152

67.9

283

49.2

Reference

Reference

Reference

Any migraine

72

32.1

292

50.8

2.18 (1.57–3.01)

2.13 (1.53–2.96)

2.09 (1.49–2.92)

Types of migraine

       

 No migraine

152

67.9

283

49.2

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Probable migraine

49

21.9

144

25.0

1.58 (1.08–2.31)

1.58 (1.07–2.32)

1.59 (1.07–2.35)

 Migraine

23

10.3

148

25.7

3.46 (2.14–5.59)

3.29 (2.03–5.34)

3.13 (1.91–5.11)

  1. Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. a PTSD is defined as PCL-C score ≥ 26
  3. b Adjusted for age, marital status, difficulty paying for the very basics, and difficulty paying for medical care
  4. c Adjusted for age, marital status, difficulty paying for the very basics, difficulty paying for medical care, and lifetime intimate partner violence