Characteristics | WMLs (+) (n = 24) | WMLs (−) (n = 83) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
RLs positive, n (%) | 18 (75.0) | 39 (47.0) | 0.015 |
PFO, n (%) | 15 (62.5) | 31 (37.3) | 0.028 |
Large shunt, n (%) | 5 (20.8) | 8 (9.6) | 0.139 |
Age, median (range), years | 46.5 (24–74) | 36.0 (14–65) | <0.001 |
Sex, male, n (%) | 0 (0) | 6 (7.2) | 0.175 |
Migraine with aura (MA), n (%) | 15 (62.5) | 44 (53.0) | 0.410 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 6 (7.3) | 0.856 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | 2 (2.4) | 0.646 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 9 (10.8) | 0.721 |
Smoking, n (%) | 1 (4.2) | 6 (7.2) | 0.593 |
Family history of migraine, n (%) | 16 (66.7) | 55 (66.3) | 0.971 |
Photophobia, n (%) | 19 (79.2) | 62 (74.7) | 0.653 |
Phonophobia, n (%) | 18 (75.0) | 61 (73.5) | 0.882 |
Hypersensitivity to smell, n (%) | 15 (62.5) | 45 (54.2) | 0.471 |
Altered taste, n (%) | 5 (20.8) | 6 (7.2) | 0.053 |
Allodynia, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 5 (6.0) | 0.687 |
Duration of migraine, median (range) years | 29.5 (0–52) | 17.0 (0–51) | 0.001 |
Onset age of migraine, median (range), years | 17.5 (9–37) | 18.0 (4–40) | 0.625 |