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Fig. 1 | The Journal of Headache and Pain

Fig. 1

From: Somatosensory abnormalities in Chinese patients with painful temporomandibular disorders

Fig. 1

The battery of quantitative sensory testing (QST). The standardized QST protocol consists of 7 tests (A-G) to assess the 13 parameters. a Thermal testing comprises detection and pain thresholds for cold, warm and hot stimuli (C and A-delta fiber mediated): cold detection threshold (CDT), warm detection threshold (WDT), cold pain threshold (CPT) and heat pain threshold (HPT) with inter-stimulus interval of 20 s; number of paradoxical heat sensations (PHS) during the thermal sensory limen procedure (TSL) for alternating warm and cold stimuli. b Mechanical detection threshold (MDT) test using von Frey-filaments (A-beta fiber mediated) with inter-stimulus interval of ~10 s. c Mechanical pain threshold (MPT) for pinprick stimuli (mediated by A-delta fiber) assessing hyper- or hypoalgesia with inter-stimulus interval of ~10 s. d Stimulus–response-functions: mechanical pain sensitivity (MPS) assess A-delta fiber mediated sensitivity to sharp stimuli (pinprick) and dynamic mechanical allodynia (DMA) assess A-beta fiber mediated pain sensitivity to stroking light touch (CW = cotton wisp; QT = cotton wool tip; BR = brush), with inter-stimulus interval of ~10 s. e Wind-up ratio (WUR) compares the numerical ratings within three trains of a single pinprick stimulus (a) with a series (b) of 10 repetitive pinprick stimuli to calculate WUR as the ratio: b/a, with ~10 s intervals between single and series stimulus. f Vibration detection threshold (VDT) tests for A-beta fiber function using a Rydel–Seiffer 64 Hz tuning fork with intervals of ~10 s. g Pressure pain threshold (PPT) is the only test for deep pain sensitivity, most probably mediated by muscle C- and A-delta fibers, with inter-stimulus interval of 60 s. ISI = Inter-Stimulus-Interval, In = Instruction

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