Skip to main content

Table 4 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores

From: Cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) for preventive and acute treatment of episodic and chronic migraine and migraine-associated sleep disturbance: preliminary findings from a prospective observational cohort study

 

Baseline

Post nVNS

P-value

PSQI global score

7 (5.5, 11.5)

5 (5, 8.5)

<0.001

PSQI subscores

   

Subjective sleep quality

1 (1, 1)

1 (1, 1)

0.25

Sleep latency

1 (0.5, 3.5)

1 (0.5, 2)

0.03

Sleep duration

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

N/A

Sleep efficacy

0 (0, 0.5)

0 (0, 0.5)

N/A

Sleep disturbance

2 (1, 2)

1 (1, 2)

0.13

Sleep medication

0 (0, 1)

0 (0, 0.5)

0.13

Daytime dysfunction

2.5 (2, 4)

2 (1, 2)

0.004

  1. Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range, N/A not applicable, nVNS non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation
  2. Data are presented as median (IQR)