Table 2 Clinical features of the study population
From: Headache in epilepsy: prevalence and clinical features
| Â | Total | Males | Females |
|---|---|---|---|
Sample | 388 | 179 (46.13) | 209 (53.87) |
Age (mean ± SD) | 41.25 ± 15.70 | 41.92 ± 16.32 | 40.68 ± 15.15 |
Age at epilepsy onset (med; p25-p75) | 15; 8–23.5 | 16; 7-26 | 14; 9-22 |
Epilepsy duration (med; p25-p75) | 20.5; 11-32 | 20; 10-31 | 21; 11-32 |
Epilepsy | |||
 Generalized | 101 (26.03) | 46 (25.70) | 55 (26.32) |
 Focal | 280 (72.16) | 129 (72.07) | 151 (72.25) |
 Unclassified | 7 (1.80) | 4 (2.23) | 3 (1.43) |
Frequency of seizures at observation | |||
 Sporadic | 134 (34.54) | 59 (32.96) | 75 (35.89) |
 Monthly/daily | 119 (30.67) | 49 (27.37) | 70 (33.49) |
 Seizure-free | 132 (34.02) | 69 (38.55) | 63 (30.14) |
AED therapy | |||
 Monotherapy | 185 (47.68) | 91 (50.84) | 94 (44.98) |
 Polytherapy | 188 (48.45) | 82 (45.81) | 106 (50.72) |
 No therapy | 15 (3.87) | 6 (3.35) | 9 (4.31) |
Photosensitivity | 23 (5.93) | 10 (5.59) | 13 (6.22) |
Inter-IH | 188 (48.45) | 68 (37.99) | 120 (57.42) |
Migraine without aura | 80 (20.62) | 25 (13.97) | 55 (26.32) |
Migraine with aura | 6 (1.55) | 4 (2.23) | 2 (0.96) |
Probable migraine | 16 (4.12) | 5 (2.79) | 11 (5.26) |
TTH | 72 (18.56) | 27 (15.08) | 45 (21.53) |
Probable TTH | 2 (0.52) | 1 (0.56) | 1 (0.48) |
Cluster headache | 2 (0.52) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.96) |
Peri-IH | 92 (23.71) | 34 (18.99) | 58 (27.75) |
Pre-ictal headache | 26 (6.70) | 6 (3.35) | 20 (9.57) |
Ictal headache | 3 (0.77) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (1.44) |
Post-ictal headache | 74 (19.07) | 30 (16.76) | 44 (21.05) |