Table 2 Diagnostic criteria for sleep apnoea headache according to the ICHD-3 beta (code 10.1.4) and the percentage of OSAS patients
Diagnostic criteria | Morning headache (n = 48) |
|---|---|
A. Headache present on awakening after sleep and fulfilling criterion C (Sleep apnoea headache) | n = 39 (81.3 %) |
B. Sleep apnoea (apnoea-hypopnoea index 5) has been diagnosed | n = 48 (100 %) |
C. Evidence of causation demonstrated by at least two of the following: | n = 39 (81.3 %) |
1. Headache has developed in temporal relation to the onset of sleep apnoea | |
2. Either or both of the following: | |
a) Headache has worsened in parallel with worsening of sleep apnoea | |
b) Headache has significantly improved or remitted in parallel with improvement in or resolution of sleep apnoea | |
3. Headache has at least one of the following three characteristics: | |
a) Recurs on > 15 days per month | n = 12 (25.0 %) |
b) All of the following: | n = 20 (41.7 %) |
(i) bilateral location | |
(ii) pressing quality | |
(iii) not accompanied by nausea, photophobia or phonophobia | |
c) Resolves within 4 h | n = 25 (52.1 %) |
D. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis |