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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and non-OSA-diagnosis patients from 2004 to 2010

From: Tension-type headache associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a nationwide population-based study

Variable

Matched controls

Patients with OSA

p -value

(N = 19036)

%

(N = 4759)

%

Sex

    

1.000

 Female

5,524

29.0

1,381

29.0

 

 Male

13,512

71.0

3,378

71.0

 

Age

    

1.000

 <30

1,956

10.3

489

10.3

 

 30-39

3,780

19.9

945

19.9

 

 40-49

4,720

24.8

1,180

24.8

 

 50-59

4,768

25.0

1,192

25.0

 

 ≥60

3,812

20.0

953

20.0

 

Monthly Income, NT$

    

<0.001

 <20,000

2,285

12.0

515

10.8

 

 20,000-39,999

6,599

34.7

1,461

30.7

 

 ≥40,000

4,447

23.4

1,588

33.4

 

 Union/association member

2,647

13.9

455

9.6

 

 Local government enrollee

3,058

16.1

740

15.5

 

Region

    

<0.001

 Northern

8,529

44.8

2,476

52.0

 

 Central

4,131

21.7

1,434

30.1

 

 Southern

5,943

31.2

811

17.0

 

 Eastern

433

2.3

38

0.8

 

Comorbidity

     

 Hypertension

5,755

30.2

1,823

38.3

<0.001

 Epilepsy

297

1.6

121

2.5

<0.001

 Major depression disorder

520

2.7

264

5.5

<0.001

 Anxiety disorder

2,911

15.3

1,270

26.7

<0.001

Tension type headache

    

<0.001

 No

17,567

92.3

4,275

89.8

 

 Yes

1,469

7.7

484

10.2

 

Total

19,036

 

4,759