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Table 4 Risk of insomnia 1 at 11-year follow-up according to the combined effect of headache (related to type and frequency) and CMSCs 2 (yes/no)

From: The impact of headache and chronic musculoskeletal complaints on the risk of insomnia: longitudinal data from the Nord-Trøndelag health study

  

Pure headache (no CMSCs)

 

Coexisting headache and CMSCs

  

Insomnia 1

  

Insomnia 1

 
 

total, n = 10,775

n = 1896

OR (95% CI)

total, n = 11,127

n = 2283

OR (95% CI)

No headache or CMSCs

7263

1080

1.0 (ref)

7263

1080

1.0 (ref)

Headache

3512

786

1.5 (1.3 – 1.6)

3864

1203

2.0 (1.8 – 2.2)*

< 7 days / month

3141

669

1.4 (1.2 – 1.6)

3061

920

1.9 (1.7 – 2.2)*

≥ 7 days / month

371

117

2.1 (1.7 – 2.7)

803

283

2.2 (1.9 – 2.7)

p-trend

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

Non migraineous headache

2437

512

1.4 (1.2 – 1.5)

2526

766

2.0 (1.7 – 2.2)*

< 7 days / month

2221

443

1.3 (1.1 – 1.5)

2058

606

1.9 (1.6 – 2.2)*

≥ 7 days / month

216

69

2.2 (1.6 – 3.0)

468

160

2.2 (1.8 – 2.8)

p-trend

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

Migraine

1075

274

1.7 (1.5 – 2.0)

1338

437

2.0 (1.7 – 2.3)

< 7 days / month

920

226

1.7 (1.4 – 2.0)

1003

314

1.9 (1.7 – 2.3)

≥ 7 days / month

155

48

2.1 (1.5 – 3.0)

335

123

2.2 (1.7 – 2.8)

p –trend

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

  1. *Significant differences (non-overlapping CIs).
  2. All data are adjusted for age, gender, anxiety, depression (total HADS-score) and GI-complaints.
  3. 1: Insomnia = During the last three months difficulty falling asleep at night and / or several awakenings during the night and / or wake up to early and were not able to fall asleep again several days a week.
  4. 2: CMSCs = Answered “yes” to the screening question: “Have you during the last year continuously for at least 3 months had pain and / or stiffness in muscles and joints?”
  5. Missing data: 155 subjects with pure headache (= 4.2%) and 182 subjects with coexisting headache and CMSCs (= 4.5%) did not answer the question on headache frequency.