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Table 14 Level of evidence, scientific strength of evidence, clinical effectiveness, adverse events of preventive drug for Paroxysmal Headache

From: Italian guidelines for primary headaches: 2012 revised version

Drug

Daily dosage (mg)

Level of evidence

Scientific strength of evidencea

Clinical effectiveness

Adverse events

No. of cases

References

Indomethacin

25–50

C

0/+

+

1

[322]

Indomethacin

75

C

0/+

+++

Occasional, not severe

8

[323330]

Indomethacin

150

C

0/+

+++

2

[330, 331]

Indomethacin

200–225

C

0/+

++

Occasional, not severe

3

[331, 332]

Verapamil

480

C

0/+

?

1

[333]

Piroxicam-β-cyclodextrine

20–40

C

0/+

++

6

[334]

Rofecoxib

25

C

0/+

+++

1

[317]

Rofecoxib

50

C

0/+

+++

Occasional, not severe

2

[317, 318]

Celecoxib

400

C

0/+

+++

1

[319]

Verapamil

240–320

C

0/+

++

10

[320]

  1. aThe scientific strength of evidence has been indicated as 0 (inefficacy)/+because there is no comparison with placebo or one active agent but sometimes the efficacy of the tested drug has been demonstrated